Table 1. Patient Characteristics.
| Overall | hs-cTnT non-detection | hs-cTnT detection | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (male/female) | 301 (116/185) | 40 (18/22) | 261 (98/163) | 0.369 |
| Age (years) | 65 ± 11 | 61 ± 10 | 66 ± 12 | < 0.01 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 23 ± 4 | 21 ± 3 | 24 ± 4 | < 0.01 |
| Current smoker, n (%) | 70 (23) | 6 (15) | 64 (24) | 0.206 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 211 (70) | 28 (70) | 183 (70) | 0.920 |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 140 ± 20 | 136 ± 15 | 140 ± 20 | 0.053 |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 87 ± 13 | 84 ± 11 | 88 ± 13 | 0.059 |
| Dyslipidemia (%) | 178 (59) | 23 (58) | 155 (59) | 0.874 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 219 ± 41 | 216 ± 40 | 219 ± 41 | 0.433 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 140 ± 38 | 137 ± 37 | 140 ± 38 | 0.559 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 146 ± 70 | 142 ± 83 | 146 ± 69 | 0.485 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 50 ± 16 | 51 ± 15 | 50 ± 16 | 0.890 |
| FBG (mg/dL) | 133 ± 27 | 123 ± 28 | 134 ± 27 | < 0.05 |
| IRI (µg/mL) | 7.8 ± 4.8 | 6.7 ± 4.9 | 8.0 ± 4.8 | 0.068 |
| HOMA-IR | 2.6 ± 1.0 | 2.1 ± 1.6 | 2.6 ± 1.6 | 0.052 |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%) | 7.1 ± 1.0 | 6.8 ± 0.9 | 7.1 ± 1.0 | < 0.05 |
| SkinAF (AU) | 2.7 ± 0.6 | 2.0 ± 0.4 | 2.8 ± 0.7 | < 0.001 |
| White blood cell (/µL) | 5,371 ± 1,587 | 4,965 ± 1,086 | 5,433 ± 1,643 | 0.082 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 42.6 ± 4.9 | 42.5 ± 5.2 | 42.6 ± 4.8 | 0.853 |
| Platelet (104/µL) | 23.1 ± 5.5 | 21.8 ± 6.9 | 23.3 ± 5.3 | 0.119 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 67 ± 20 | 73 ± 19 | 66 ± 21 | < 0.05 |
| Cornell voltage (mm) | 15 ± 5 | 13 ± 4 | 15 ± 5 | < 0.05 |
| Log-BNP (pg/mL) | 1.7 ± 0.4 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 1.8 ± 0.3 | < 0.001 |
| d-ROMs test (U. Carr) | 336 ± 108 | 259 ± 82 | 348 ± 107 | < 0.001 |
| CAVI | 9.2 ± 1.5 | 8.6 ± 1.3 | 9.4 ± 1.5 | < 0.001 |
| WBPT (s) | 63 ± 18 | 50 ± 13 | 64 ± 18 | < 0.001 |
| Log-hs-cTnT (ng/mL) | -1.9 ± 0.2 | - | -1.9 ± 0.2 | - |
| Medication | ||||
| Sulfonylurea, n (%) | 217 (72) | 29 (73) | 188 (72) | 0.951 |
| Metformin, n (%) | 84 (28) | 12 (29) | 72 (28) | 0.903 |
| DPP-4 inhibitor, n (%) | 160 (53) | 20 (50) | 140 (54) | 0.669 |
| Insulin, n (%) | 18 (6) | 3 (8) | 15 (6) | 0.887 |
| RAS inhibitor, n (%) | 175 (58) | 20 (50) | 155 (59) | 0.157 |
| Statin, n (%) | 138 (46) | 16 (40) | 122 (47) | 0.276 |
Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. hs-cTnT: high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T; BP: blood pressure; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; FBG: fasting blood glucose; IRI: immunoreactive insulin; HOMA-IR: homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; AF: autofluorescence; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; BNP: brain natriuretic peptide; d-ROMs: derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites; CAVI: cardio-ankle vascular index; WBPT: whole blood passage time; DPP: dipeptidyl peptidase; RAS: renin-angiotensin system.