Afferent and efferent projections of rodent vLGNe. (A) Sources of afferent projections to vLGNe are depicted in green. (B) Brain regions innervated by vLGNe neurons are depicted in orange. dLGN, dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus; vLGNe, ventral lateral geniculate nucleus, external division; LP, lateral posterior thalamic nucleus; LD, lateral dorsal nucleus; MD, medial dorsal nucleus; ZI, zona incerta; RH, rhomboid nucleus; RE, reuniens nucleus; SMT, submedial nucleus of the thalamus; LHA, lateral hypothalamic area; PH, posterior hypothalamic nucleus; SC, superior colliculus; PRT, pretectal region; MRN, midbrain reticular nucleus; PAG, periaqueductal gray; DR, dorsal raphe nucleus; PPN, pedunculopontine nucleus; RR, retrorubral nucleus; MT, medial terminal nucleus; LT, lateral terminal nucleus; DT, dorsal terminal nucleus; LC, locus coeruleus; PB, parabrachial nucleus; Bar, Barrington’s nucleus; MV, medial vestibular nucleus; LDT, laterodorsal tegmental nucleus; PRNc, pontine reticular nucleus; MDRN, medullary reticular nucleus; IO, accessory inferior olivary nucleus; VIS5, visual cortex, layer 5; RGC, retinal ganglion cell.