. 2017 Nov 4;55(1):21–32. doi: 10.1007/s13197-017-2753-y

Table 2.

Means of proximate composition (% wet weight) and mineral content of formulations of 3 protein bars (PB1, PB2, and PB3)

Constituents (%)	Formula
Constituents (%)	PB1	PB2	PB3
Moisture	1.2480 ± 0.10^a	0.9122 ± 0.16^b	0.9689 ± 0.16^b
Ash	2.4679 ± 0.25^a	2.8787 ± 0.18^b	2.7303 ± 0.15^b
Protein (n × 6.25)	37.42 ± 3.75^a	31.38 ± 3.08^b	33.11 ± 4.31^b
Lipid	22.88 ± 2.01^a	22.98 ± 1.84^a	23.94 ± 2.42^a
Total fibre	26.86 ± 0.70^a	22.21 ± 0.44^b	25.40 ± 0.37^a
Soluble fibre	23.24 ± 0.70^a	20.13 ± 0.44^b	21.96 ± 0.37^a
Insoluble fibre	3.62 ± 0.11^a	2.07 ± 0.11^b	3.43 ± 0.04^a
Carbohydrate^a	9.11 ± 1.07^a	19.53 ± 0.78^b	13.79 ± 0.71^c
Macroelements
Sodium	168.53 ± 1.64^a	160.02 ± 3.53^a	160.56 ± 1.22^a
Potassium	171.72 ± 0.9^a	190.54 ± 6.25^b	156.63 ± 3.91^a
Magnesium	21.68 ± 0.44^a	22.64 ± 1.15^a	20.86 ± 1.8^a
Calcium	86.76 ± 3.89^a	124.04 ± 4.34^b	99.34 ± 2.31^a
Microelements
Manganese	0.034 ± 0.008^a	0.030 ± 0.003^a	0.035 ± 0.007^a
Iron	1.44 ± 0.11^a	1.06 ± 0.09^a	1.47 ± 0.14^a
Zinc	≥QL^b	≥QL	≥QL

The results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Means with the same letters on the same line did not significantly differ between one another, as determined using Tukey’s test with a 5% significance level

^aThe carbohydrate content was estimated by subtracting the sum of moisture, ash, fibre, lipid, and protein content from 100 g

^bLess than the quantification limit (QL) ± standard error