Table 4.
Effects of GTP, OTP, BTP and FOS on production of SCFA at 0, 12, 24, and 36 h
| Acid type | Sample | Anaerobic fermentation time (h) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 12 | 24 | 36 | ||
| Formic acid (mM) | Control | 8.12 ± 0.35A | 11.32 ± 0.74a,B | 13.08 ± 1.01 a,C | 14.69 ± 0.87a,D |
| FOS | 20.78 ± 1.45e,B | 27.42 ± 1.33 e,C | 35.01 ± 1.18e,D | ||
| GTP | 15.67 ± 1.03b,B | 19.96 ± 0.64 b,C | 22.53 ± 0.76b,C | ||
| OTP | 17.68 ± 0.82d,B | 23.44 ± 1.85 d,C | 28.44 ± 0.89d,C | ||
| BTP | 16.35 ± 0.97c,B | 21.18 ± 1.27 c,C | 26.21 ± 0.64c,C | ||
| Acetic acid (mM) | Control | 16.55 ± 1.12A | 17.89 ± 1.02a,A | 18.66 ± 0.87 a,C | 19.52 ± 0.87a,D |
| FOS | 27.19 ± 0.82d,B | 37.64 ± 1.45 e,C | 44.16 ± 1.86e,D | ||
| GTP | 21.93 ± 1.32b,B | 28.27 ± 1.05 b,C | 33.77 ± 1.53b,D | ||
| OTP | 25.47 ± 0.99c,B | 32.76 ± 1.56 d,C | 38.69 ± 1.82d,D | ||
| BTP | 22.44 ± 1.01b,B | 30.15 ± 0.87 c,C | 35.49 ± 1.27c,D | ||
| Propionic acid (mM) | Control | 0.00 ± 0.00A | 3.59 ± 0.77a,B | 5.27 ± 0.74 a,C | 6.94 ± 0.88a,D |
| FOS | 4.38 ± 0.23b,B | 6.46 ± 0.32 b,C | 8.21 ± 0.32b,D | ||
| GTP | 4.56 ± 0.34b,B | 7.82 ± 0.42 b,C | 10.56 ± 0.63d,D | ||
| OTP | 4.47 ± 0.28b,B | 7.69 ± 0.57 b,C | 9.32 ± 0.56c,D | ||
| BTP | 4.63 ± 0.32b,B | 7.73 ± 0.49 b,C | 11.88 ± 0.95e,D | ||
| Butyric acid (mM) | Control | 0.00 ± 0.00A | 4.78 ± 0.22a,B | 6.66 ± 0.02 a,C | 7.69 ± 0.51a,D |
| FOS | 9.38 ± 0.67c,B | 12.01 ± 0.88 c,C | 14.55 ± 1.13d,D | ||
| GTP | 6.93 ± 0.54b,B | 9.66 ± 0.42 b,C | 11.44 ± 0.53b,D | ||
| OTP | 7.24 ± 0.62b,B | 9.89 ± 0.53 b,C | 12.81 ± 0.88c,D | ||
| BTP | 6.99 ± 0.32b,B | 9.57 ± 0.72 b,C | 11.97 ± 0.77b,D | ||
Different lowercases indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) for each SCFA (i.e., within column) among different compounds. Different capital letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) for each SCFA (i.e., within line) among different time points