Table 1.

The clinical characteristics of study participants

Parameters	overall (n = 1447)	cf-PWV ≥12 (n = 571)	cf- PWV < 12 (n = 876)	P value
Age (year)	61.30 ± 11.4	65.59 ± 10.9	52.46 ± 11.5	<0.001
Male [n (%)]	601(41.53)	270(47.28)	331(37.78)	<0.001
BMI	25.41 ± 3.32	25.41 ± 3.28	25.26 ± 4.17	0.583
Systolic BP(mmHg)	128.7 ± 17.7	135.38 ± 18.37	124.37 ± 15.93	<0.001
Diastolic BP(mmHg)	77.11 ± 10.26	77.00 ± 10.92	77.18 ± 9.82	0.762
Fasting glucose (mmol/L)	5.39 ± 1.65	5.63 ± 1.87	5.21 ± 1.35	<0.001
2-HpBG(mmol/L)	6.96 ± 1.11	7.71 ± 1.10	6.47 ± 1.23	<0.001
Triglyceride(mmol/L)	1.80 ± 1.24	1.92 ± 1.27	1.74 ± 1.24	0.017
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	5.01 ± 0.93	5.02 ± 0.97	5.01 ± 0.89	0.845
HDL2-C (mg/dL)	29.85 ± 9.13	29.69 ± 9.44	30.05 ± 9.08	0.593
HDL3-C (mg/dL)	20.98 ± 4.22	20.62 ± 4.12	21.42 ± 4.38	0.006
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)	1.34 ± 0.42	1.30 ± 0.43	1.37 ± 0.41	0.247
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)	2.91 ± 0.71	2.96 ± 0.73	2.87 ± 0.69	0.030
Waist-hip ratio	0.87 ± 0.05	0.88 ± 0.06	0.86 ± 0.0.07	<0.001
eGFR (ml/min)	94.2 ± 14.3	88.18 ± 14.19	98.63 ± 12.45	<0.001
Current smoking [n (%)]	380(26.26)	175(30.65)	205(23.40)	<0.001
Hypertension [n (%)]	755(52.17)	418(73.20)	337(38.47)	<0.001
Diabetes mellitus [n (%)]	302(20.87)	183(24.22)	119(18.45)	<0.001

Note: Characteristics are reported as percentages for categorical variables and means (±SD) or median (with interquartile range) for continuous variables. The study participants were divided into two groups based on the level of cf-PWV (≥12, <12). Categorical variablesare presented as counts and percentages. The values outside the parentheses are the number of subjects, and the values inside the parentheses are prevalence

BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; HDL2-C, high-density lipoprotein 2 cholesterol; HDL3-C, high-density lipoprotein 3 cholesterol; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; 2-HpBG, 2-h postload glucose; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; cf-PWV, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity