Table 2.
Production [mg/100 g DW ± SD] of dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans in agitated microshoot cultures of S. chinensis elicited with yeast extract − YeE (n = 3)
| Lignans | Control | Elicitation scheme [day added/yeast extract ± YeE concentration (mg/l)] | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0/100 | 0/1000 | 0/3000 | 0/5000 | 10/100 | 10/1000 | 10/3000 | 10/5000 | 20/100 | 20/1000 | 20/3000 | 20/5000 | ||
| Schisandrin | 80.5 ± 8.0 | 73.1 ± 3.7 | 53.0 ± 4.8 | 159.3 ± 6.6 | 175.2 ± 7.7 | 100.8 ± 3.8 | 102.4 ± 2.8 | 75.6 ± 2.7 | 115.1 ± 5.2 | 92.6 ± 1.6 | 126.5 ± 2.5 | 125.6 ± 2.2 | 117.3 ± 1.7 |
| Gomisin A | 52.8 ± 7.5 | 58.2 ± 2.5 | 33.4 ± 0.8 | 112.0 ± 2.9 | 87.9 ± 4.2 | 79.5 ± 4.5 | 108.5 ± 8.7 | 89.3 ± 15.6 | 122.2 ± 7.8 | 71.2 ± 2.5 | 139.1 ± 6.1 | 142.9 ± 6.0 | 123.6 ± 8.0 |
| Gomisin G | 3.9 ± 0.7 | 3.7 ± 1.0 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 11.8 ± 1.3 | 11.3 ± 1.4 | 3.8 ± 0.4 | 8.3 ± 0.9 | 5.6 ± 0.6 | 4.3 ± 1.0 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 2.1 ± 0.1 | 3.6 ± 1.0 | 3.2 ± 0.5 |
| Schisantherin A | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 5.6 ± 0.1 | 5.6 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 3.2 ± 0.2 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 2.3 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.1 | 3.0 ± 0.3 | 4.5 ± 0.1 | 2.3 ± 0.1 |
| Schisantherin B | 10.8 ± 0.2 | 8.7 ± 0.5 | 4.9 ± 0.2 | 14.7 ± 0.8 | 20.4 ± 0.8 | 7.1 ± 0.8 | 15.7 ± 2.2 | 8.2 ± 0.9 | 10.9 ± 1.1 | 7.0 ± 0.1 | 28.2 ± 0.5 | 17.6 ± 1.1 | 14.9 ± 1.1 |
| Schisanthenol | 2.5 ± 0.2 | 2.3 ± 0.4 | 2.0 ± 0.2 | 8.8 ± 0.8 | 5.7 ± 0.3 | 2.8 ± 0.1 | 2.9 ± 0.3 | 5.4 ± 0.2 | 6.5 ± 0.6 | 2.9 ± 0.2 | 2.6 ± 0.1 | 2.5 ± 0.1 | 6.8 ± 0.2 |
| Deoxyschisandrin | 34.6 ± 3.1 | 38.2 ± 5.0 | 26.1 ± 2.3 | 66.5 ± 4.7 | 67.4 ± 5.1 | 47.9 ± 0.9 | 44.8 ± 3.7 | 37.2 ± 1.4 | 58.7 ± 2.6 | 45.0 ± 1.6 | 61.5 ± 2.7 | 67.0 ± 2.0 | 61.2 ± 4.0 |
| γ-Schisandrin | 4.7 ± 0.6 | 4.4 ± 0.5 | 3.4 ± 0.3 | 7.4 ± 0.3 | 7.7 ± 0.5 | 5.7 ± 0.3 | 5.1 ± 0.5 | 4.7 ± 0.4 | 7.2 ± 0.4 | 5.0 ± 0.7 | 6.4 ± 0.2 | 6.5 ± 0.3 | 7.6 ± 0.4 |
| Schisandrin C | 5.8 ± 3.2 | 14.2 ± 1.1 | 3.4 ± 0.1 | 10.4 ± 0.5 | 18.9 ± 1.5 | 6.5 ± 0.2 | 13.7 ± 2.6 | 6.1 ± 0.4 | 14.5 ± 1.1 | 5.9 ± 0.9 | 14.9 ± 1.2 | 14.7 ± 1.3 | 9.9 ± 0.8 |
| Angeoyl/tigloyl-gomisin H | 36.4 ± 3.6 | 32.5 ± 1.6 | 21.7 ± 2.4 | 64.9 ± 6.2 | 62.0 ± 3.2 | 37.8 ± 2.3 | 34.7 ± 1.4 | 27.3 ± 2.3 | 45.5 ± 1.6 | 35.5 ± 1.4 | 52.6 ± 0.9 | 56.1 ± 4.5 | 47.3 ± 1.1 |
| Angeoyl/tigloyl-gomisin Q | 76.8 ± 8.1 | 79.7 ± 7.9 | 55.8 ± 5.7 | 118.5 ± 4.0 | 142.9 ± 5.6 | 90.7 ± 0.9 | 91.2 ± 2.0 | 72.6 ± 3.8 | 110.3 ± 4.0 | 82.4 ± 7.6 | 135.3 ± 4.9 | 135.9 ± 3.4 | 114.4 ± 4.5 |
| Schisandrin B | 20.7 ± 3.3 | 18.6 ± 2.0 | 15.0 ± 0.3 | 28.9 ± 0.9 | 29.3 ± 0.5 | 22.5 ± 0.3 | 19.9 ± 1.5 | 19.1 ± 1.0 | 28.9 ± 1.0 | 21.8 ± 0.8 | 23.7 ± 1.6 | 27.6 ± 1.3 | 30.4 ± 1.1 |
| Benzoylgomisin P | 25.9 ± 3.8 | 21.6 ± 0.6 | 18.5 ± 1.0 | 40.3 ± 1.7 | 36.3 ± 1.7 | 30.4 ± 2.0 | 23.4 ± 1.7 | 25.6 ± 2.8 | 41.0 ± 1.4 | 29.4 ± 1.3 | 31.0 ± 2.1 | 35.8 ± 0.8 | 43.3 ± 0.7 |
| Schisantherin D | 8.9 ± 2.5 | 11.0 ± 2.2 | 6.4 ± 0.5 | 11.2 ± 1.0 | 8.8 ± 0.6 | 9.8 ± 1.0 | 14.0 ± 0.8 | 9.1 ± 0.7 | 12.6 ± 0.5 | 9.8 ± 0.3 | 13.3 ± 0.6 | 15.2 ± 0.7 | 14.5 ± 0.8 |
| Total content | 366.2 ± 45.1 | 367.2 ± 28.9 | 245.7 ± 18.8* | 660.2 ± 31.8* | 679.3 ± 33.4* | 446.6 ± 17.5* | 487.7 ± 29.3* | 387.3 ± 32.7* | 579.9 ± 28.3* | 411.6 ± 19.1* | 639.9 ± 23.7* | 655.6 ± 24.7* | 596.3 ± 24.9* |
*p < 0.05 vs control