Fig. 5.

Overexpression of CsLARs in wild-type A. thaliana. a Soluble PAs content in WT and transgenic A. thaliana seeds. b Insoluble PAs content in WT and transgenic A. thaliana seeds. c The relative contents of EC, PA-dimers and PA-trimers in WT and transgenic A. thaliana seeds. The relative content is converted according to the peak area in a quantitative MRM model by UPLC–MS. All data are the means of three biological replicates, and the error bars represent the standard deviation of three replicates. The contents of EC, PA-dimers and PA-trimers from WT were set as 1.0. The asterisks indicate the significant level (n = 3, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01) based on a Tukey’s honestly significant difference test