. 2017 Aug 16;31(1):80–85. doi: 10.5713/ajas.17.0069

Table 3.

Effect of feeding Korean domestic corn grain by different particle size on ruminal fermentation of Holstein steers fed total mixed ration as a basal¹⁾

Items	Treatments²⁾				SEM

	Control	WC	CC	FC
Ruminal pH	6.35^a	6.36^a	6.16^b	6.48^a	0.074
Ammonia N (mg/L)	113.9^a	89.6^b	89.1^b	84.2^b	19.44
Total VFA (mmoles/100 mL)	100.0	100.2	99.1	100.1	8.14
Individual VFA (mmoles/100 mL)
Acetate	54.1^b	57.1^a	53.6^b	54.1^b	1.24
Propionate	22.3^a	19.0^b	21.4^a	19.4^b	0.54
Iso-butyrate	1.2^b	1.5^a	1.3^ab	1.4^ab	0.09
Butyrate	16.3^b	17.0^b	17.1^b	19.5^a	0.85
Iso-valerate	2.4^b	2.9^a	3.0^a	2.8^a	0.41
Valerate	2.7^a	2.0^b	2.6^a	2.2^b	0.33
Caproic acid	1.0^a	0.6^b	0.9^a	0.7^b	0.13
Acetate/propionate	2.6^b	3.1^a	2.6^b	2.9^a	0.13

SEM, standard error of the mean; VFA, volatile fatty acids; TMR, total mixed ration.

¹⁾

Holstein steers were housed under the condition of temperature and humidity index 71.5 (no stress: 24°C, 60%) according to Bilby et al [14].

²⁾

Treatments were TMR only (Control), TMR with whole corn grain (WC), TMR with coarsely ground corn grain (CC) and TMR with finely ground corn grain (FC), respectively.

^a,b,c

Means in a row with different superscripts are significantly different (p<0.05).