Table S2. Diagnostic performance of CEA, CA 125, CA 15-3 and CA 19-9 in differentiating malignant from benign pleural effusions in the Wuhan cohort (validation)* (n=153).
| Variable | Cut-off | AUC (95% CI) | Sensitivity (%) | Specificity (%) | PLR | NLR | PPV (%) | NPV(%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CEA | ||||||||
| PE | 2.3 | 0.886† | 88.6 | 94.1 | 14.9 | 0.1 | 86.7 | 95.0 |
| (0.847‒0.948) | (75.4‒96.2) | (87.5‒97.8) | (6.8‒32.7) | (0.1‒0.3) | (73.2‒94.9) | (88.7‒98.4) | ||
| Serum | 5.2 | 0.812† | 59.1 | 95.1 | 11.9 | 0.4 | 83.9 | 84.2 |
| (0.739‒0.872) | (43.2‒73.7) | (88.8‒98.4) | (4.9‒29.0) | (0.3‒0.6) | (66.3‒94.5) | (76.2‒90.4) | ||
| PE/serum ratio | 1.1 | 0.882† | 84.1 | 94.1 | 14.2 | 0.2 | 86.0 | 93.1 |
| (0.818‒0.929) | (69.9‒93.4) | (87.5‒97.8) | (6.4‒31.1) | (0.1‒0.3) | (72.1‒94.7) | (86.4‒97.2) | ||
| ∆(PE–serum) | 0.4 | 0.881† | 84.1 | 96.0 | 21.2 | 0.2 | 90.2 | 93.3 |
| (0.817‒0.929) | (69.9‒93.4) | (90.2‒98.9) | (8.1‒56.0) | (0.1‒0.3) | (76.9‒97.3) | (86.6‒97.3) | ||
| CA125 | ||||||||
| PE | 383.9 | 0.548 | 77.3 | 36.6 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 34.7 | 78.7 |
| (0.463‒0.631) | (62.2‒88.5) | (27.3‒46.8) | (1.0‒1.5) | (0.3‒1.1) | (25.4‒45.0) | (64.3‒89.3) | ||
| Serum | 91.4 | 0.609 | 54.6 | 70.3 | 1.8 | 0.7 | 44.4 | 78.0 |
| (0.524‒0.688) | (38.8‒69.6) | (60.4‒79.0) | (1.2‒2.7) | (0.5‒0.9) | (30.9‒58.6) | (68.1‒86.0) | ||
| PE/serum ratio | 7.0 | 0.634† | 47.7 | 78.2 | 2.2 | 0.7 | 48.8 | 77.5 |
| (0.550‒0.712) | (32.5‒63.3) | (68.9‒85.8) | (1.4‒3.5) | (0.5‒0.9) | (33.3‒64.5) | (68.1‒85.1) | ||
| ∆(PE–serum) | 2765.3 | 0.557† | 11.4 | 100 | − | 0.9 | 100 | 72.1 |
| (0.473‒0.640) | (3.8‒24.6) | (96.4‒100) | − | (0.8‒1.0) | (47.8‒100) | (63.9‒79.4) | ||
| CA15-3 | ||||||||
| PE | 17.8 | 0.859† | 65.9 | 97.0 | 22.2 | 0.4 | 90.6 | 86.7 |
| (0.792‒0.912) | (50.1‒79.5) | (91.6‒99.4) | (7.1‒69.0) | (0.2‒0.5) | (75.0‒98.0) | (79.1‒92.4) | ||
| Serum | 18.0 | 0.797† | 65.9 | 84.2 | 4.2 | 0.4 | 64.4 | 85.0 |
| (0.722‒0.859) | (50.1‒79.5) | (75.6‒90.7) | (2.5‒6.8) | (0.3‒0.6) | (48.8‒78.1) | (76.5‒91.4) | ||
| PE/serum ratio | 1.0 | 0.722† | 59.1 | 85.2 | 4.0 | 0.5 | 63.4 | 82.7 |
| (0.641‒0.793) | (43.2‒73.7) | (76.7‒91.4) | (2.3‒6.7) | (0.3‒0.7) | (46.9‒77.9) | (74.0‒89.4) | ||
| ∆(PE–serum) | 4.9 | 0.669† | 50.0 | 98.0 | 25.3 | 0.5 | 91.7 | 81.8 |
| (0.586‒0.745) | (34.6‒65.4) | (93.0‒99.8) | (6.2‒102.8) | (0.4‒0.7) | (73.0‒99.0) | (73.8‒88.2) | ||
| CA19-9 | ||||||||
| PE | 11.1 | 0.667† | 54.6 | 94.1 | 9.2 | 0.5 | 80.0 | 82.6 |
| (0.584‒0.743) | (38.8‒69.6) | (87.5‒97.8) | (4.0‒20.9) | (0.3‒0.7) | (61.4‒92.3) | (74.4‒89.0) | ||
| Serum | 23.5 | 0.554 | 38.6 | 93.1 | 5.6 | 0.7 | 70.8 | 77.7 |
| (0.469‒0.637) | (24.4‒54.5) | (86.2‒97.2) | (2.5‒12.5) | (0.5‒0.8) | (48.4‒87.7) | (69.2‒84.8) | ||
| PE/serum ratio | 0.9 | 0.828† | 70.5 | 90.1 | 7.1 | 0.3 | 75.6 | 87.5 |
| (0.757‒0.886) | (54.8‒83.2) | (82.5‒95.1) | (3.8‒13.2) | (0.2‒0.5) | (59.7‒87.6) | (79.6‒93.2) | ||
| ∆(PE–serum) | −0.6 | 0.837† | 72.7 | 86.14 | 5.3 | 0.3 | 69.6 | 87.9 |
| (0.766‒0.893) | (57.2‒85.0) | (77.8‒92.2) | (3.1‒8.8) | (0.2‒0.5) | (54.2‒82.3) | (79.8‒93.6) | ||
*, data are presented as medians (25th to 75th percentiles); †, P<0.05. CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; PE, pleural effusion; AUC, area under curve; PLR, positive likelihood ratio; NLR, negative likelihood ratio; PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value.