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Independent and dependent variables used in the Box-Behnken design for the optimization of C. songaricum extraction.
| Factor | Level used, actual coded | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Independent variables | Low (−1) | Medium (0) | High (+1) |
| X 1 = material-to-solvent ratio (g/mL) | 1/10 | 1/20 | 1/30 |
| X 2 = ultrasonic time (min) | 20 | 40 | 60 |
| X 3 = ultrasonic power (W) | 60 | 80 | 100 |
|
| |||
| Dependent variables | Goal | ||
|
| |||
| Y 1 = content of gallic acid | Maximize | ||
| Y 2 = content of protocatechuic acid | Maximize | ||
| Y 3 = content of catechin | Maximize | ||
