Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population in Bangladesh, 2004–2014 (n = 29,094).
| With Rangpur (a) (n = 29,094) |
Without Rangpur (n = 27,540) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VARIABLE | n | n* | %* | n | n* | %* |
| COMMUNITY LEVEL FACTORS | ||||||
| Year of survey | ||||||
| 2004 | 6287 | 6395 | 22.0 | 6287 | 6395 | 23.2 |
| 2007 | 5473 | 5409 | 18.6 | 5473 | 5409 | 19.6 |
| 2011 | 8986 | 9021 | 31.0 | 7527 | 8316 | 30.2 |
| 2014 | 8069 | 8269 | 28.4 | 6714 | 7420 | 26.9 |
| Cluster type | ||||||
| Urban | 8965 | 6423 | 22.1 | 8242 | 6212 | 22.6 |
| Rural | 19,850 | 22,670 | 77.9 | 17,759 | 21,328 | 77.4 |
| Region | ||||||
| Barisal | 3313 | 1685 | 5.8 | 3313 | 1685 | 6.1 |
| Chittagong | 5876 | 6472 | 22.2 | 5876 | 6472 | 23.5 |
| Dhaka | 5406 | 9354 | 32.2 | 5406 | 9354 | 34.0 |
| Khulna | 3296 | 2605 | 9.0 | 3296 | 2605 | 9.5 |
| Rajshahi | 4124 | 4609 | 15.8 | 4124 | 4608 | 16.7 |
| Sylhet | 3986 | 2815 | 9.7 | 3986 | 2815 | 10.2 |
| Rangpur | 2814 | 1554 | 5.3 | |||
| SOCIOECONOMIC DETERMINANTS | ||||||
| Mother’s Age (years) (n = 29,087) | ||||||
| 15–24 | 14,271 | 14,576 | 50.1 | 13,102 | 13,920 | 50.6 |
| 25–34 | 11,890 | 11,953 | 41.1 | 10,571 | 11,239 | 40.8 |
| 35–49 | 2634 | 2558 | 8.8 | 2308 | 2375 | 8.6 |
| Mother working status (n = 29,090) | ||||||
| Not working | 23,132 | 23,095 | 79.4 | 20,648 | 21,719 | 78.9 |
| Working | 5679 | 5995 | 20.6 | 5351 | 5818 | 21.1 |
| Mother BMI (kg/m2) (n = 28,939) | ||||||
| ≤18 | 6329 | 6360 | 21.9 | 5597 | 5967 | 21.7 |
| 19–25 | 18,595 | 19,064 | 65.5 | 16,905 | 18,090 | 65.7 |
| 25+ | 3724 | 3515 | 12.1 | 3350 | 3337 | 12.1 |
| Maternal marital status | ||||||
| Currently married | 28,282 | 28,572 | 98.2 | 25,519 | 27,041 | 98.2 |
| Formerly married | 533 | 522 | 1.8 | 482 | 499 | 1.8 |
| Maternal highest level of education (n = 29,079) | ||||||
| No schooling | 12,235 | 12,712 | 43.7 | 10,930 | 11,969 | 43.5 |
| Primary | 12,775 | 12,939 | 44.5 | 11,524 | 12,246 | 44.5 |
| Secondary or more | 3785 | 3428 | 11.8 | 3527 | 3309 | 12.0 |
| Paternal highest level of education (n = 29,077) | ||||||
| No schooling | 13,898 | 14,440 | 49.6 | 12,413 | 13,588 | 49.3 |
| Primary | 9608 | 9697 | 33.3 | 8690 | 9178 | 33.3 |
| Secondary or more | 5291 | 4940 | 17.0 | 4880 | 4756 | 17.3 |
| Household Wealth Index | ||||||
| Rich | 5763 | 5118 | 17.6 | 5123 | 4860 | 17.7 |
| Middle | 11,526 | 11,684 | 40.2 | 10,568 | 11,178 | 40.6 |
| Poor | 11,526 | 12,291 | 42.3 | 10,310 | 11,502 | 41.8 |
| CHILD DETERMINANTS | ||||||
| Sex (n = 28,685) | ||||||
| Female | 13,861 | 14,019 | 48.2 | 12,547 | 13,285 | 48.2 |
| Male | 14,538 | 14,666 | 50.4 | 13,137 | 13,899 | 50.5 |
| Birth rank and birth interval | ||||||
| 2nd/3rd birth rank, more than 2 years interval | 10,675 | 10,935 | 37.6 | 9776 | 10,455 | 38.0 |
| 1st birth rank | 9948 | 9996 | 34.4 | 9164 | 9556 | 34.7 |
| 2nd/3rd birth rank, less than or equal to 2 years interval | 1924 | 1907 | 6.6 | 1677 | 1777 | 6.5 |
| 4th birth rank, more than 2 years interval | 5178 | 5200 | 17.9 | 4453 | 4787 | 17.4 |
| 4th birth rank, less than or equal to 2 years interval | 1090 | 1056 | 3.6 | 931 | 965 | 3.5 |
| Previous Death of Sibling | ||||||
| No | 28,067 | 28,352 | 97.5 | 25,318 | 26,832 | 97.4 |
| Yes | 748 | 742 | 2.6 | 683 | 708 | 2.6 |
| Number of children born (n = 29,011) | ||||||
| 1 | 7990 | 7999 | 27.5 | 7401 | 7675 | 27.9 |
| 2 | 8732 | 8868 | 30.5 | 8012 | 8485 | 30.8 |
| 3 | 5278 | 5412 | 18.6 | 4727 | 5110 | 18.6 |
| 4+ | 6733 | 6732 | 23.1 | 5795 | 6196 | 22.5 |
| Number of children under-five years | ||||||
| 1–2 | 17,873 | 18,113 | 62.3 | 16,467 | 17,365 | 63.1 |
| 3 or more | 10,942 | 10,981 | 37.7 | 9534 | 10,175 | 37.0 |
| MEDIA FACTORS | ||||||
| Watches television every week (n = 29,011) | ||||||
| Yes | 16,123 | 16,080 | 55.3 | 14,775 | 15,421 | 56.0 |
| No | 12,688 | 13,011 | 44.7 | 11,224 | 12,116 | 44.0 |
| Listens to radio every week (n = 29,088) | ||||||
| Yes | 5158 | 5385 | 18.5 | 5019 | 5305 | 19.3 |
| No | 23,650 | 23,703 | 81.5 | 20,975 | 22,229 | 80.7 |
| Reads newspaper (n = 29,075) | ||||||
| Yes | 4501 | 4115 | 14.1 | 4054 | 3902 | 14.2 |
| No | 24,291 | 24,960 | 85.8 | 21,930 | 23,621 | 85.8 |
| ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR | ||||||
| Type of cooking fuel (n = 26,325) | ||||||
| Solid fuel | 2995 | 2943 | 10.1 | 2644 | 2846 | 10.3 |
| Non-solid fuel | 23,140 | 23,382 | 80.4 | 20,871 | 22,018 | 80.0 |
&Weighted for the sampling probability; n& weighted ‘n’
*percentage did not add up to 100% because of missing values.
(a) Overall Bangladesh population