Table 1.
Baseline patient characteristics
| Characteristics | PR group (n=38) | Control group (n=36) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years)a | 67.7±6.9 | 66.1±7.7 | 0.3 |
| Gender (male), n (%)b | 20 (52.6) | 24 (66.7) | 0.8 |
| Marital status (married), n (%)b | 22 (57.9) | 18 (47.4) | 0.08 |
| Religious affiliation (Catholic), n (%)b | 31 (81.6) | 28 (77.8) | 0.9 |
| Comorbidities n (%)b | 1 (0–1) | 1 (0–1) | 0.9 |
| BMI (kg m2)a | 27.1±6.3 | 25±4.2 | 0.1 |
| FEV1 (% predicted)a | 46.1±17.4 | 42.1±14 | 0.2 |
| FCV (% predicted)a | 69.3±16.8 | 63.8±16.4 | 0.1 |
| Religious copinga | |||
| PRC (scores) | 27.1±1.1 | 27±1.4 | 0.8 |
| NRC (scores) | 9.3±4.9 | 7.9±9.2 | 0.1 |
| Religiositya | |||
| ORA (scores) | 4.1±1.5 | 4.7±1.2 | 0.8 |
| NORA (scores) | 5.2±1.1 | 5.6±0.4 | 0.6 |
| IR (scores) | 13.3±2.3 | 13.5±0.9 | 0.6 |
| 6MWD (m)a | 377.1±97.1 | 340.7±75.9 | 0.07 |
| CAT (points)a | 16.7±9 | 19.6±6.3 | 0.1 |
| SGRQ total (points)a | 54.5±15.5 | 54±17.9 | 0.8 |
| HADS-A (points)a | 5.8±4.2 | 6.1±3.8 | 0.7 |
| HADS-D (points)a | 5±3.5 | 6.8±4.2 | 0.2 |
| PHQ-9 (points)a | 9.5±6.2 | 11.3±6.7 | 0.2 |
| mMRC Dyspnea Scale (grade)a | 2.1±1 | 2.6±1.1 | 0.09 |
Notes:
a
Mean ± SD.
b
Data expressed as relative frequency.
Abbreviations: 6MWD, 6-min walk distance; BMI, body mass index; CAT, COPD assessment test; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC, forced vital capacity; HADS-A, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale – Anxiety Subscale; HADS-D, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale – Depression Subscale; IR, intrinsic religiosity; mMRC, modified Medical Research Council; NORA, nonorganizational religious activity; NRC, negative religious coping; ORA, organizational religious activity; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9; PRC, positive religious coping; SGRQ, St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire.