Table 2.
Changes following PR
| Variable | PR group (n=38)
|
Control group (n=36)
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Before | After | Mean change Δ (95% CI) | p-value | Before | After | Mean change Δ (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Religious coping | ||||||||
| PRC (scores) | 27.1±1.1 | 27.3±1.1 | 0.2 (0.06, 0.5)a | 0.01 | 27±1.4 | 27±1.2 | 0.02 (−0.07, 0.1) | 0.5 |
| NRC (scores) | 9.3±4.9 | 8.4±3.7 | −0.8 (−1.6, −0.05)a | 0.03 | 7.9±2.2 | 7.9±2.2 | −0.02 (−0.08, 0.02) | 0.3 |
| Religiosity | ||||||||
| ORA (scores) | 4.1±1.5 | 5±1.2 | 0.8 (0.5, 1.2)a | <0.001 | 4.7±1.2 | 4.9±1.2 | 0.2 (−0.04, 0.5) | 0.1 |
| NORA (scores) | 5.2±1.1 | 5.2±1.2 | 0.05 (−0.05, 0.1) | 0.3 | 5.6±0.4 | 5.6±0.4 | 0.05 (−0.1, 0.2) | 0.4 |
| IR (scores) | 13.3±2.3 | 13.5±2.1 | 0.1 (−0.07, –0.4) | 0.1 | 13.5±0.9 | 13.6±0.8 | 0.02 (−0.02, −0.08) | 0.3 |
| 6MWD (m) | 377.1±97.1 | 421.5±91.6 | 44.3 (34.6, 54.0)a | <0.001 | 340.7±75.9 | 333.8±84.3 | −6.8 (−14.7, 0.9) | 0.08 |
| CAT (points) | 16.7±9 | 14.8±8.7 | −1.8 (−2.8, −0.8)a | 0.001 | 19.6±6.3 | 19.4±5.8 | −0.1 (−0.6, 0.2) | 0.4 |
| SGRQ total (points) | 54.5±15.5 | 36.6±14.1 | −17.8 (−21.5, −14)a | <0.001 | 54±17.9 | 54.8±16.2 | 0.8 (−0.05, 1.8) | 0.6 |
| HADS-A (points) | 5.8±4.2 | 4.1±3 | −1.7 (−2.5, −0.8)a | <0.001 | 6.1±3.8 | 6.2±3.7 | 0.08 (−0.1, 2.7) | 0.3 |
| HADS-D (points) | 5±3.5 | 3.8±3.3 | −1.2 (−1.8, −0.5)a | <0.001 | 6.8±4.2 | 6.8±3.5 | −0.02 (−0.2, 0.2) | 0.8 |
| PHQ-9 (points) | 9.5±6.2 | 8.1±5.2 | −1.3 (−2.5, 0.8)a | 0.001 | 11.3±6.7 | 11.5±6.4 | 0.1 (−0.2, 0.4) | 0.4 |
| mMRC dyspnea scale (grade) | 2.1±1 | 1.7±0.9 | −0.4 (−2, −0.6)a | 0.002 | 2.6±1.1 | 2.5±1 | −0.05 (−0.1, 0.05) | 0.3 |
Notes: Data are expressed as mean ± SD and deltas as mean.
a
p<0.04 between groups.
Abbreviations: Δ, mean change; 6MWD, 6-min walk distance; CAT, COPD assessment test; HADS-A, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale – Anxiety Subscale; HADS-D, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale – Depression Subscale; IR, intrinsic religiosity; mMRC, modified Medical Research Council; NORA, nonorganizational religious activity; NRC, negative religious coping; ORA, organizational religious activity; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire-9; PR, pulmonary rehabilitation; PRC, positive religious coping; SGRQ, St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire.