Fig. 1.

First patient (hilar cholangiocarcinoma, Klatskin tumor) in whom an ‘!’ liver resection/ALPPS was performed in September 2007. a Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan prior to the first surgery: dilated bile ducts, particularly in the left lateral section of the liver, in spite of preoperative drainage by endostent + percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography drainage (PTCD). b Contrast-enhanced CT scan 8 days after the first surgery with marked volume increase in the left lateral section. c Contrast-enhanced CT scan 7 day after the second surgery showing marked size increase of the remaining left lateral section.