Table 2.

Intervention content for home visits, by timing of delivery and study arm

Home Visit (Timing)	Obesity Prevention Group (Intervention Arm)	Injury Prevention Group (Attention Control Arm)
PRENATAL
Home Visit 1 (30 weeks)	Baby behavior (cues, crying, and sleep) 0–6 months Information on infant behavioral cues, common reasons for crying, distinguishing hunger-related crying, non-food strategies for soothing a crying baby, typical sleep patterns, and promoting healthy sleep. Building our village: identifying needs and support Tools and tips for mobilizing social support from family and friends to help with the transition of bringing home a new baby. Introducing you to your toolkit: finding more information Reputable resources for finding more information, organized according to the home visitation schedulea	Preventing SIDS and accidental suffocation Tips for selecting a crib Introducing you to your toolkit: finding more information
Home Visit 2 (34 weeks)	Baby behavior: the first 72 hours Information on typical behavior in the first few days, including an initial alertness, followed by a period of sleepiness, and then an increase in alertness in which the baby will want to eat more often. Feeding your baby: myths and reality Discussion of common myths related to breastfeeding, including those associated with infant behavior (crying and sleep), racial identity (e.g. few African-American women breastfeed), and over-swaddling. Using your B.R.A.I.N.: a tool for making decisions that are right for you Tools and tips for making an informed infant feeding decision, including an assessment of the Benefits, Risks, Alternatives, Intuition, and Need for time to continue thinking it through.	Choosing and using a safe car seat Safety in and around the car Keeping baby safe in a stroller
POSTNATAL
Home Visit 3 (3 months)	Let’s catch up! Check-in on baby behavior and social support. Are cues getting easier to read? Sleep getting longer? Did you have the help you needed after delivery? Now? Do you want or need to change your “other”? Let’s review: your 2-month newsletter Check-in on infant feeding topics in newsletter, including overview of feeding for the first year of life, organized by developmental stage, and an emphasis on feeding only breast milk (or formula) until 6 months. Healthy eating: it’s all in the family Tools and tips for improving family eating habits with emphasis on increasing fruits, vegetables and lean protein foods; choosing water instead of sugar-sweetened beverages, and making smart snack choices.	Let’s catch up! safe sleep and safety-on-the-go Top safety tips for 1–6 months: the “head up” stage Getting ahead on safety: childproofing your home for the “independent sitter” stage
Home Visit 4 (6 months)	Let’s review: your 5-month newsletter (learning to sit) Check-in on infant feeding topics in newsletter, including signs of readiness for solid food, iron-rich first food choices, beginning with small amounts, hunger and fullness cues for older babies, and limiting juice. Your growing baby: baby behavior for older babies Reinforce and praise mothers’ and others’ understanding of their infants’ cues and provide new information related to hunger and fullness cues, reasons for crying and sleep patterns for older infants. Being active: it’s all in the family Information on the benefits of physical activity for adults and babies, the importance of modeling active versus inactive behaviors, and how to minimize TV and screen time for everyone in the family. Planning for change (family physical activity and TV/media behaviors) Goal setting tips and tools and refrigerator calendar for monitoring.	Let’s review: top safety tips for the “independent sitter” stage Getting ahead on safety: childproofing your home for the “crawler” stage Home fire safety: prepare, practice, prevent the unthinkable
Home Visit 5 (9 months)	Healthy eating and being active: it’s all in the family (checking in) Review goals set at previous visit, discuss progress, barriers and facilitators, and assist with setting new goals in the same area or additional areas, depending on progress. Your 7-month materials: let’s review what was mailed to you Check-in on infant feeding topics in newsletter, including new eating skills (pincer grasp), healthy ideas for finger foods, establishing mealtime routines, and best practices for bottles and “sippy” cups. Baby behavior: tantrums and food refusal Information on infant behavior related to tantrums and food refusal, including new reasons for infant crying, non-food soothing strategies, importance of routines, and the difference between routines and schedules.	Let’s review: top safety tips for the “crawler” stage Getting ahead on safety: childproofing your home for the “learning to walk” stage Preventing TV tip-overs: what every parent should know
Home Visit 6 (12 months)	Healthy eating and being active: it’s all in the family (checking in) Review goals set at previous visit, discuss progress, barriers and facilitators, and assist with setting new goals in the same area or additional areas, depending on progress. Your 10-month materials: let’s review what was mailed to you Check-in on infant feeding topics in newsletter, including sample menu, strategies for minimizing food struggles, tips for transitioning from bottles to cups, and best practices for “sippy” cups. Family meals: food, togetherness, and fun Information on the health and psychosocial benefits of family meals for children, tips for increasing family meals to ≥3 times/week, and for improving quality of family meals by turning off TV and media. Planning for change (family meals) Goal setting tips and tools for improving the quantity and quality of family meals.	Let’s review: childproofing your home Splish-splash: Staying safe around water Bye-bye boo-boos: staying safe on the playground