Table 1.
Demographic and study characteristics in the overall sample and across race and sex.
| Variable | Overall (N=2077) | White (N=878) | AA (N=1199) | p1 | Male (N=894) | Female (N=1183) | p2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), M (SD) | 47.85 (9.23) | 47.77 (9.34) | 47.90 (9.15) | .30 | 47.98 (9.14) | 47.75 (9.30) | .33 |
| Education (years), M (SD) | 12.59 (3.00) | 12.87 (5.34) | 12.39 (2.52) | <.001 | 12.62 (3.07) | 12.58 (2.94) | .10 |
| Not Employed, % | 42.00 | 38.70 | 44.50 | .01 | 37.40 | 45.60 | <.001 |
| Neighborhood Satisfaction*, M (SD) | 3.26 (1.07) | 3.25 (1.14) | 3.26 (1.01) | .77 | 3.20 (1.05) | 3.30 (1.08) | .04 |
| Low Income, % | 52.80 | 44.20 | 50.50 | .02 | 57.30 | 49.40 | <.001 |
| Depression**, M (SD) | 14.70 (11.34) | 14.96 (11.70) | 14.51 (11.07) | .08 | 13.78 (10.40) | 15.40 (11.96) | <.001 |
| Self-rated health***, M (SD) | 2.09 (0.76) | 2.11 (0.77) | 2.08 (0.75) | .31 | 2.13 (0.75) | 2.07 (0.77) | .06 |
| MacArthur Ladder****, M (SD) | 4.37 (2.00) | 4.24 (1.92) | 4.46 (2.05) | .01 | 4.44 (2.00) | 4.31 (2.00) | .16 |
AA=African Americans; p1-value for the difference between African Americans and Whites; p2-value for the difference between females and males; independent samples t-tests were used for continuous variables (all equal variances assumed) and one-way ANOVAs were used for categorical variables.
*
Based off a Likert scale, with 1 being the most and 5 being the least satisfied.
**
Based off the CES-D scale, wherein the higher the score the higher the depressive symptoms.
***
Based off a Likert scale, with 1 being the least and 3 being the most healthy.
****
Based off a 10-step scale, with 1 being the lowest and 10 being the highest on the ladder.