Table 2.
Fixed effects (within sample cluster) ordinary least squares models of dietary quality by food outlet type (supermarkets and convenience stores) in nine year old children in the Growing Up in Ireland Study, stratified by sex.
|
Supermarkets |
Convenience stores |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Girls |
Boys |
Girls |
Boys |
|||||
| Coefficient | 95% CI | Coefficient | 95% CI | Coefficient | 95% CI | Coefficient | 95% CI | |
| Road network distance (in quintiles) Nearest | ref | – | ref | – | ref | – | ref | – |
| 2nd | −0.35 | −0.81 to 0.11 | 0.64 | 0.15 to 1.12 | −0.14 | −0.57 to 0.29 | 0.23 | −0.25 to 0.70 |
| 3rd | −0.19 | −0.71 to 0.32 | 0.09 | −0.45 to 0.64 | 0.11 | −0.34 to 0.57 | 0.37 | −0.15 to 0.89 |
| 4th | −0.58 | −1.41 to 0.25 | 0.38 | −0.48 to 1.24 | −0.12 | −0.68 to 0.44 | 0.31 | −0.31 to 0.93 |
| Furthest | −0.83 | −2.09 to 0.43 | 0.53 | −0.82 to 1.87 | −0.30 | −1.12 to 0.52 | 0.86 | −0.03 to 1.75 |
| Mother's current age <30 | ref | – | ref | – | ref | – | ref | – |
| 30–39 | 0.53 | −0.12 to 1.17 | 0.52 | −0.27 to 1.30 | 0.53 | −0.12 to 1.17 | 0.53 | −0.26 to 1.31 |
| 40–49 | 0.79 | 0.13 to 1.45 | 0.53 | −0.26 to 1.33 | 0.78 | 0.13 to 1.44 | 0.55 | −0.25 to 1.34 |
| 50+ | 0.63 | −0.48 to 1.74 | 0.63 | −0.62 to 1.88 | 0.63 | −0.48 to 1.74 | 0.69 | −0.56 to 1.94 |
| Household class Professional workers | ref | – | ref | – | ref | – | ref | – |
| Managerial and technical | 0.22 | −0.24 to 0.67 | −0.16 | −0.62 to 0.30 | 0.22 | −0.24 to 0.67 | −0.18 | −0.64 to 0.27 |
| Non-manual | −0.46 | −0.99 to 0.08 | −0.48 | −1.02 to 0.06 | −0.45 | −0.99 to 0.09 | −0.48 | −1.03 to 0.06 |
| Skilled manual | −0.12 | −0.70 to 0.48 | −0.65 | −1.27 to −0.03 | −0.10 | −0.69 to 0.48 | −0.68 | −1.30 to −0.06 |
| Semi- skilled and unskilled | 0.08 | −0.58 to 0.74 | −1.00 | −1.70 to −0.24 | 0.07 | −0.59 to 0.73 | −0.96 | −1.68 to −0.23 |
| Unclassified class | −0.32 | −1.11 to 0.47 | −1.22 | −2.07 to −0.36 | −0.32 | −1.11 to 0.47 | −1.21 | −2.06 to −0.35 |
| Log of equivalised household annual income | 0.27 | −0.01 to 0.55 | 0.13 | −0.21 to 0.47 | 0.28 | −0.01 to 0.56 | 0.13 | −0.21 to 0.47 |
| Highest level of maternal education Third level | ref | – | ref | – | ref | – | ref | – |
| Post-secondary | −0.59 | −1.01 to −0.18 | −0.53 | −0.96 to −0.11 | −0.60 | −1.01 to −0.18 | −0.53 | −0.96 to −0.11 |
| Higher secondary | −1.00 | −1.41 to −0.59 | −1.22 | −1.66 to −0.80 | −1.01 | −1.42 to −0.60 | −1.22 | −1.65 to −0.79 |
| Lower secondary/less | −2.16 | −2.66 to −1.65 | −1.89 | −2.44 to −1.35 | −2.15 | −2.66 to −1.65 | −1.89 | −2.43 to −1.34 |
| Population density In open country | ref | – | ref | – | ref | – | ref | – |
| In a village (<1500) | −0.56 | −1.19 to 0.08 | −0.41 | −1.08 to 0.27 | −0.56 | −1.21 to 0.10 | −0.30 | −1.00 to 0.40 |
| In a town (1500–9999) | −0.47 | −1.12 to 0.17 | −0.45 | −1.17 to 0.27 | −0.43 | −1.09 to 0.22 | −0.32 | −1.05 to 0.41 |
| In a town (10,000+) | −0.56 | −1.28 to 0.16 | −0.25 | −1.05 to 0.55 | −0.52 | −1.24 to 0.20 | −0.14 | −0.93 to 0.66 |
| In a city (not Dublin) | −1.16 | −2.54 to 0.22 | −0.33 | −1.83 to 1.17 | −1.06 | −2.44 to 0.32 | −0.23 | −1.73 to 1.28 |
| In Dublin City | −1.79 | −2.99 to −0.60 | −0.71 | −1.93 to 0.50 | −1.73 | −2.92 to −0.54 | −0.57 | −1.79 to 0.65 |
| Constant | 8.71 | 5.65 to 11.78 | 9.22 | 5.55 to 12.88 | 8.31 | 5.27 to 11.34 | 9.09 | 5.44 to 12.74 |
| Individuals (N) | – | 4340 | – | 4099 | – | 4340 | – | 4099 |
| Areas (N) | – | 1347 | – | 1329 | – | 1347 | – | 1329 |
| R2 within | – | 0.05 | – | 0.05 | – | 0.05 | – | 0.05 |
| R2 between | – | 0.06 | – | 0.04 | – | 0.05 | – | 0.03 |
| R2 overall | – | 0.06 | – | 0.06 | – | 0.05 | – | 0.05 |
| % Variance explained by area differences | – | 40.7% | – | 39.8% | – | 40.9% | – | 40.0% |
Footnote: Household class refers to the social class of the family. The mean equivalised household annual income in each quintile is: €36974, €21959, €16886, €12650, €8180 (from Q5-Q1 respectively).