Table 3.
Fixed effects (within sample cluster) ordinary least squares models of dietary quality by food outlet type (number of food outlets by type within a 1000 m radius of the household) in nine year old children in the Growing Up in Ireland Study, stratified by sex.
|
Supermarkets |
Convenience stores |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Girls |
Boys |
Girls |
Boys |
|||||
| Coefficient | 95% CI | Coefficient | 95% CI | Coefficient | 95% CI | Coefficient | 95% CI | |
| Number (within 1000 m) | 0.04 | −0.10 to 0.19 | −0.00 | −0.17 to 0.16 | 0.09 | 0.02 to 0.17 | 0.03 | −0.06 to 0.12 |
| Mother's age <30 | ref | – | ref | – | ref | – | ref | – |
| 30–39 | 0.53 | −0.12 to 1.17 | 0.53 | −0.26 to 1.31 | 0.53 | −0.12 to 1.17 | 0.53 | −0.25 to 1.31 |
| 40–49 | 0.78 | 0.13 to 1.44 | 0.55 | −0.24 to 1.34 | 0.78 | 0.12 to 1.43 | 0.55 | −0.24 to 1.35 |
| 50+ | 0.62 | −0.49 to 1.73 | 0.66 | −0.59 to 1.91 | 0.58 | −0.53 to 1.69 | 0.66 | −0.60 to 1.91 |
| Household class Professional workers | ref | – | ref | – | ref | – | ref | – |
| Managerial and technical | 0.22 | −0.23 to 0.68 | −0.19 | −0.64 to 0.27 | 0.22 | −0.23 to 0.68 | −0.19 | −0.64 to 0.27 |
| Non-manual | −0.45 | −0.99 to 0.09 | −0.51 | −1.05 to 0.03 | −0.44 | −0.98 to 0.10 | −0.51 | −1.05 to 0.03 |
| Skilled manual | −0.10 | −0.69 to 0.49 | −0.68 | −1.30 to −0.07 | −0.09 | −0.67 to 0.50 | −0.68 | −1.30 to −0.06 |
| Semi- skilled and unskilled | 0.08 | −0.58 to 0.74 | −0.98 | −1.71 to −0.25 | 0.08 | −0.58 to 0.74 | −0.98 | −1.71 to −0.26 |
| Unclassified class | −0.32 | −1.11 to 0.47 | −1.24 | −2.09 to −0.38 | −0.30 | −1.09 to 0.49 | −1.24 | −2.09 to −0.38 |
| Log of equivalised household annual income | 0.27 | −0.01 to 0.56 | 0.13 | −0.21 to 0.47 | 0.29 | 0.01 to 0.57 | 0.14 | −0.20 to 0.48 |
| Highest level of maternal education Third level | ref | – | ref | – | ref | – | ref | – |
| Post-secondary | −0.60 | −1.01 to −0.18 | −0.53 | −0.96 to −0.11 | −0.59 | −1.00 to −0.18 | −0.53 | −0.96 to −0.11 |
| Higher secondary | −1.01 | −1.42 to −0.60 | −1.22 | −1.65 to −0.79 | −1.01 | −1.42 to −0.60 | −1.22 | −1.65 to −0.80 |
| Lower secondary/less | −2.15 | −2.65 to −1.65 | −1.89 | −2.43 to −1.34 | −2.15 | −2.65 to −1.65 | −1.89 | −2.43 to −1.34 |
| Population density In open country | ref | – | ref | – | ref | – | ref | – |
| In a village (<1500) | −0.53 | −1.16 to 0.10 | −0.43 | −1.10 to 0.25 | −0.62 | −1.25 to 0.02 | −0.46 | −1.14 to 0.22 |
| In a town (1500–9999) | −0.39 | −1.00 to 0.23 | −0.50 | −1.18 to 0.19 | −0.52 | −1.14 to 0.10 | −0.56 | −1.27 to 0.14 |
| In a town (10,000+) | −0.47 | −1.16 to 0.22 | −0.28 | −1.05 to 0.48 | −0.61 | −1.31 to 0.09 | −0.35 | −1.13 to 0.43 |
| In a city (not Dublin) | −1.02 | −2.38 to 0.34 | −0.31 | −1.79 to 1.17 | −1.22 | −2.59 to 0.14 | −0.37 | −1.85 to 1.12 |
| In Dublin City | −1.70 | −2.89 to −0.52 | −0.70 | −1.91 to 0.50 | −1.79 | −2.98 to −0.61 | −0.76 | −1.97 to 0.45 |
| Constant | 8.17 | 5.15 to 11.19 | 9.54 | 5.92 to 13.16 | 7.93 | 4.91 to 10.95 | 9.48 | 5.85 to 13.10 |
| Individuals (N) | – | 4340 | – | 4099 | – | 4340 | – | 4099 |
| Areas (N) | – | 1347 | – | 1329 | – | 1347 | – | 1329 |
| R2 within | – | 0.05 | – | 0.05 | – | 0.05 | – | 0.05 |
| R2 between | – | 0.05 | – | 0.04 | – | 0.05 | – | 0.04 |
| R2 overall | – | 0.05 | – | 0.05 | – | 0.05 | – | 0.05 |
| % Variance explained by area differences | – | 40.9% | – | 39.8% | – | 41.0% | – | 39.8% |
Footnote: Household class refers to the social class of the family. The mean equivalised household annual income in each quintile is: €36974, €21959, €16886, €12650, €8180 (from Q5-Q1 respectively).