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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jan 8.
Published in final edited form as: Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2007 Sep;161(9):842–848. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.161.9.842

Table 3.

School Smoking Policies and Daily Smoking Among Students in Final Multilevel Models for 13- and 16-Year-Old Adolescents: Quebec Child and Adolescent Health and Social Survey, 1999a

Fixed Effectb 13-Year-Old Students 16-Year-Old Students
Girls (n = 395) Boys (n = 368) Girls (n = 405) Boys (n = 357)
School-level policy
 Staff can smoke outdoors
  No 1 [Reference] NA NA NA
  Yes 4.8 (1.1–21.1) NA NA NA
 Staff can smoke indoors
  No NA NA NA 1 [Reference]
  Yes NA NA NA 1.6 (0.8–3.1)
Covariates
 School status
  Public 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference]
  Private 1.9 (0.6–5.9) 2.1 (0.2–19.0) 1.1 (0.6–2.2) 0.7 (0.3–1.7)
 School location
  Rural 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference]
  Urban 1.2 (0.4–3.4) 3.4 (0.4–29.0) 1.0 (0.6–1.6) 1.5 (0.8–3.0)
Student-level covariates
 Parent(s) smoke daily
  No 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference]
  Yes 2.8 (1.3–5.8) 17.6 (6.6–46.8) 1.9 (1.3–3.0) 2.1 (1.2–3.7)
 Sibling(s) smoke daily
  No 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference] 1 [Reference]
  Yes 2.4 (1.2–4.7) 7.6 (4.2–14.0) 2.8 (1.7–4.6) 2.4 (1.4–4.2)

Abbreviation: NA, data not applicable.

a

Data are given as odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for daily smoking.

b

Random effect data: μ (SE) and df values were 0.95 (0.91) and 46 for 13-year-old girls, 2.3 (5.3) and 46 for 13-year-old boys, 0.59 (0.35) and 54 for 16-year-old girls, and 0.59 (0.35) and 53 for 16-year-old boys, respectively.