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By-participant mean normalized reading times (seconds) by condition (bootstrapped 95% confidence interval shown in parentheses).
| Switch Type | Default Language of Paragraph | Grammatical Category of Word at Controlled Switch | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Content | Function | ||
| single-word | English | 54.58 (50.96, 58.28) | 55.59 (51.69, 59.63) |
| Spanish | 53.93 (50.55, 57.22) | 56.33 (52.86, 59.73) | |
| whole-language | English | 55.00 (51.79, 58.31) | 53.79 (50.97, 57.04) |
| Spanish | 53.62 (50.84, 56.69) | 53.34 (50.60, 56.26) | |
