Table 3.

Top 8 radiomic features identified across MRI scans (Gd-T1w, T2w, FLAIR) that were most associated with the hypoxia enrichment score.

Feature	Tumor Region	Relevance to lesion architectre
Law R5R5	FLAIR Enhancing Tumor	Captures presence of spots, edges, waves and ripples of an image
Law E5E5	Gd-T1w Edema
Law E5E5	FLAIR Edema
Law S5S5	T2w Enhancing Tumor
Information measure of correlation 1 (Haralick)	T2w Necrosis	Captures co-occurrences; quantifies structural heterogeneity
Difference Variance (Haralick)	Gd-T1w Edema
Energy (Haralick)	FLAIR Enhancing Tumor
Entropy (Haralick)	Gd-T1w Edema