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Detection of putative alkylsuccinates in oil-amended produced water cultures. (A) A portion of a GC total ion chromatogram showing larger peaks diagnostic of C1-C4 alkylsuccinates in the light oil culture (black) than in the heavy oil culture (red); peaks were not detected in the unamended control (not shown). (B) Mass spectral profiles indicative of propane and butane fumarate addition products at both the primary and secondary carbon atoms (shown as trimethylsilyl derivatives).
