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. 2018 Jan 8;8:103. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-17944-4

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effect of intravasal LPS (25 μg) or LTA (125 μg) treatment on the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory genes in the cauda epididymis. (a,b) Relative quantification of Il6, Ifng, Nos2 and Ptgs1 transcripts by RT-qPCR in the cauda epididymis from saline-control, LPS- or LTA-treated rats euthanized 6 h or 24 h after treatment. Samples were normalized to their internal control (Ppia) and expressed as relative values of their respective saline-control groups. Asterisks indicate statistically different from saline-control group (p < 0.05, Student’s t test). Results are expressed as mean ± SEM of experiments performed in duplicate with samples from five (24-h saline-control) or six (6-h saline-control, LPS- and LTA-treated groups) rats per group in (a) and five (6-h saline-control and 24-h LTA) or six (24-h saline-control and 6-h LTA) rats per group in (b).