Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics of the cohort participants, Opium users and nonusers
| Never opium user, N (%) | Ever opium user, N (%) | Never opium user, N (%) | Ever opium user, N (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All cohort participants | 41558 (83) | 8487 (17) | |||
| Age categories | Education | ||||
| 30–39 | 306 (94) | 19 (6) | illiterate | 29490 (84) | 5628 (16) |
| 40–49 | 19462 (85) | 3331 (15) | up to 8 years | 8480 (79) | 2228 (21) |
| 50–59 | 13287 (82) | 2845 (18) | high school | 2601 (82) | 554 (18) |
| 60–69 | 6336 (79) | 1641 (21) | higher education | 987 (93) | 77 (7) |
| 70 or more | 2167 (77) | 651 (23) | |||
| Gender | Ethnicity | ||||
| Female | 26456 (92) | 2355 (8) | Non-Turkmen | 10857 (85) | 1935 (15) |
| Male | 15102 (71) | 6132 (29) | Turkmen | 30701 (82) | 6552 (18) |
| Place of Residence | Marital status | ||||
| Rural | 32527 (81) | 7485 (19) | Married | 36345 (83) | 7545 (17) |
| Urban | 9031 (90) | 1002 (10) | Widow/er, Single/Divorce | 5185 (85) | 940 (15) |
| Alcohol consumption | Cigarette smoking | ||||
| Never use | 40754 (84) | 7562 (16) | Never smokers | 36255 (93) | 2933 (7) |
| Ever use | 804 (47) | 925 (54) | Ever smokers | 5303 (49) | 5554 (51) |