Table 3.
Key dietary, asymptomatic pathogen and illness exposures by age-based time period
| Variable | Time period | |||||
| 0–2 months | 3–5 months | 6–8 months | 9–11 months | 12–17 months | 18–24 months | |
| Growth velocity* | ||||||
| Length (cm/month) | 3.8 (2.6, 4.9) | 2.1 (1.3, 3.0) | 1.3 (0.6, 2.1) | 1.0 (0.4, 1.8) | 0.9 (0.6, 1.2) | 0.8 (0.5, 1.1) |
| Weight (kg/month) | 1.1 (0.7, 1.5) | 0.5 (0.3, 0.8) | 0.3 (0.1, 0.5) | 0.2 (0, 0.4) | 0.2 (0, 0.3) | 0.2 (0.1, 0.3) |
| Breast feeding | ||||||
| Exclusive (percent of days) | 66 (17, 100) | 28 (0, 85) | 2 (0, 4) | <1 (0, 0) | <1 (0, 0) | <1 (0, 0) |
| Predominant (percent of days) | 12 (0, 44) | 12 (0, 42) | 5 (0, 16) | 2 (0, 8) | 1 (0, 4) | <1 (0, 0) |
| Any (percent of days) | 99 (100, 100) | 97 (100, 100) | 95 (100, 100) | 92 (92, 100) | 81 (4, 100) | 53 (0, 100) |
| Complementary food | ||||||
| Dairy (percent of days) | 15 (0, 60) | 33 (0, 100) | 47 (0, 100) | 52 (2, 100) | 57 (8, 100) | 62 (11, 100) |
| Energy intake (kcal/day) | 482 (140, 952) | 628 (239, 1059) | 865 (407, 1284) | |||
| Protein (g/day) | 15 (4, 31) | 19 (6, 35) | 26 (11, 42) | |||
| Illness | ||||||
| Antibiotic use (days in period) | 4 (0, 14) | 6 (0, 18) | 7 (0, 18) | 7 (0, 18) | 12 (0, 30) | 10 (0, 26) |
| Diarrhoea† (episodes in period) | 0.2 (0, 1) | 0.4 (0, 1) | 0.4 (0, 1) | 0.4 (0, 1) | 0.7 (0, 2) | 0.5 (0, 2) |
| Pathogens in non-diarrhoeal stool | ||||||
| Mean detections/stool | 0.5 (0, 1.0) | 0.7 (0, 1.5) | 1.0 (0, 2.0) | 1.2 (0.3, 2.0) | 1.3 (0.5, 2.5) | 1.3 (0.3, 2.5) |
| Campylobacter (% with any detection in period) | 12 | 30 | 48 | 59 | 49 | 59 |
| EAEC (% with any detection in period) | 26 | 51 | 60 | 60 | 47 | 48 |
| Giardia (% with any detection in period) | 1 | 3 | 9 | 16 | 25 | 48 |
| Atypical EPEC (% with any detection in period) | 3 | 10 | 16 | 21 | 13 | 16 |
| LT-ETEC (% with any detection in period) | 4 | 9 | 12 | 16 | 12 | 16 |
| Cryptosporidium (% with any detection in period) | 7 | 7 | 7 | 10 | 9 | 10 |
Mean (10th, 90th percentiles).
*Velocities presented in this table are calculated as the difference between the last and first measurements within each period divided by the number of months in same period for each child and then taking the average for the cohort.
†Diarrhoea episodes that were not coincident with antibiotic use.
EAEC, enteroaggregative Escherichia coli; EPEC, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli; LT-ETEC, LT-producing enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.