TABLE 3.
Adjusted ORs for Hepatitis C Virus Antibody During Visits for Screening-eligible Birth Cohort Members, Stratified by Intervention (n = 14,825) and Control Sites (n = 10,795)
| Hepatitis C Virus Testing
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Intervention Sites OR (95% CI) | P | Control Sites OR (95% CI) | P |
| Patient age (y) | ||||
| 49–54 | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| 55–64 | 1.00 (0.86–1.09) | 0.58 | 0.87 (0.60–1.26) | 0.45 |
| ≥65 | 1.04 (0.88–1.22) | 0.67 | 0.49 (0.29–0.83) | 0.008 |
| Patient sex, male | 1.22 (1.09–1.35) | 0.0004 | 1.84 (1.31–2.58) | 0.0005 |
| Patient race/ethnicity | ||||
| White, non-Hispanic | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Black, non-Hispanic | 0.80 (0.67–0.96) | 0.02 | 0.53 (0.31–0.92) | 0.02 |
| Hispanic | 0.88 (0.73–1.07) | 0.21 | 0.51 (0.31–0.84) | 0.009 |
| Other | 0.81 (0.67–0.99) | 0.04 | 0.69 (0.39–1.22) | 0.20 |
| Median income by zip code | ||||
| ≥$108,000 | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| $93,000–$107,999 | 1.24 (1.05–1.47) | 0.01 | 0.92 (0.55–1.55) | 0.77 |
| $65,000–$92,999 | 1.65 (1.41–1.92) | < 0.0001 | 0.59 (0.34–1.03) | 0.06 |
| < $65,000 | 1.12 (0.93–1.34) | 0.23 | 0.60 (0.36–1.00) | 0.05 |
| Patient insurance | ||||
| Private | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Medicare | 0.64 (0.54–0.75) | < 0.0001 | 0.82 (0.51–1.31) | 0.41 |
| Medicaid/uninsured | 0.59 (0.47–0.75) | < 0.0001 | 0.04 (0.01–0.32) | 0.002 |
| Practice setting | ||||
| Hospital-based faculty practice | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Hospital-based clinic | 0.47 (0.39–0.56) | < 0.0001 | 1.23 (0.77–1.96) | 0.38 |
| Community-based faculty practice | 0.07 (0.05–0.08) | < 0.0001 | 0.01 (0.01–0.05) | < 0.0001 |
| # EHR alerts presented to the physician | ||||
| 1–2 | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| 3–5 | 1.29 (1.03–1.60) | 0.02 | 1.84 (1.10–3.08) | 0.02 |
| ≥6 | 1.05 (0.83–1.32) | 0.71 | 1.81 (1.03–3.17) | 0.04 |
| # Diagnosis codes listed for the visit | ||||
| 0–2 | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| 3–5 | 1.10 (0.95–1.26) | 0.20 | 1.39 (0.69–2.81) | 0.36 |
| 6–8 | 0.97 (0.83–1.14) | 0.73 | 1.86 (0.92–3.76) | 0.08 |
| ≥9 | 0.98 (0.83–1.15) | 0.78 | 1.48 (0.75–2.93) | 0.26 |
| # Blood tests ordered during the visit* | ||||
| 0 | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| 1–4 | 4.94 (4.08–5.97) | < 0.0001 | 1.81 (0.50–6.59) | 0.38 |
| ≥5 | 10.9 (9.10–13.2) | < 0.0001 | 6.89 (1.82–26.14) | 0.005 |
| # Orders other than blood tests placed during visit† | ||||
| 0 | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| 1–3 | 1.68 (1.44–1.97) | < 0.0001 | 1.18 (0.71–1.96) | 0.52 |
| ≥4 | 3.28 (2.72–3.96) | < 0.0001 | 0.99 (0.43–2.28) | 0.98 |
| Level of service coded for visit | ||||
| Established patient/low-moderate complexity | Ref. | Ref. | ||
| Established patient/high complexity | 1.48 (1.29–1.69) | < 0.0001 | 1.67 (1.09–2.55) | 0.02 |
| New patient/low-moderate complexity | 1.87 (1.53–2.30) | < 0.0001 | 3.54 (2.02–6.18) | < 0.0001 |
| New patient/high complexity | 1.75 (1.25–2.44) | 0.001 | 2.16 (1.03–4.53) | 0.04 |
*
Excludes hepatitis C virus antibody and RNA testing.
†
Orders for referrals, procedures, medications, supplies, and any testing except blood testing.
CI indicates confidence interval; EHR, electronic health record; OR, odds ratios; Ref., reference.