Table 1.
List of variables and their measurements
| Variables | Measurement |
|---|---|
| Outcome indicators | |
| Knowledge of directives regarding exemptions for indigents | 0 = No; 1 = Yes |
| Application of indigent exemptions in facility (recoded) Note: Question was recoded to 0 if response to filter question “knowledge of directive for indigents” was “no” |
0 = No; 1 = Yes |
| Knowledge of directive regarding delivery exemptions for indigents | 0 = No; 1 = Yes |
| Application of delivery exemptions for indigents (recoded) Note: Question was recoded to 0 if response to filter question “knowledge of delivery exemption directive” was “no” |
0 = No; 1 = Yes |
| Individual characteristics | |
| Sex of health worker | 0 = Male; 1 = Female |
| Age of health worker Note: Variable was centred for regression models |
Continuous |
| Education of health worker (ordinal) | 0 = No formal education or primary 1 = Junior high school 2 = Senior high school 3 = Higher education |
| Health worker type | 1 = Nurse (IDE, IB, nursing assistant) or medical doctor 2 = Midwife (midwife/birth attendant/assistant midwife (AA, AB)) 3 = Mobile health worker (AIS) |
| Head of health facility | 0 = No; 1 = Yes |
| Years worked at facility Note: Variable was centred for regression models |
Continuous |
| Days of absence in past 30 days Note: Variable was centred for regression models |
Continuous (0–30) |
| Performance feedback received during past 12 months Note: 453 cases imputed due to missing values |
0 = No; 1 = Yes |
| Training in emergency obstetric and neonatal care | 0 = No; 1 = Yes |
| Training – pro-poor targeting | 0 = No; 1 = Yes |
| Training – user fee exemption | 0 = No; 1 = Yes |
| Training – health insurance | 0 = No; 1 = Yes |
| Training – facility (financial) management | 0 = No; 1 = Yes |
| Influence on decisions in facility (perception) | Scale: 0 = lowest to 10 = highest level |
| Control over facility (perception) | Scale: 0 = lowest to 10 = highest level |
| Facility-level variables | |
| Urban/rural | 0 = Rural 1 = Urban |
| Health facility level | 1 = Primary 2 = Secondary 3 = Private |
| Number of clinical staff at facility | Continuous |
| District-level variables | |
| Indigent household share in district (20th percentile of asset index) Note: household-level variables aggregated on district level |
Continuous (0–1) |
| Secondary outcome indicator | |
| Preference for selection of x% of the population to be fully exempted | Categorical variable (1%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 25%) |