Table 4.

Patient Characteristics Associated with Hospice or Late Hospice Enrollment.

Patient Characteristics	Hospice Enrollment Adj-ORa (95% CI)	Late Hospice Enrollmentb (≤3 last days of life) Adj-ORa (95% CI)
Age, years	1.01 (1.01–1.02)d	0.98 (0.98–0.99)d
Sex, male	0.85 (0.68–1.07)	1.76 (1.18–2.63)e
Race
White	Reference	Reference
Black	0.78 (0.72–0.84)d	0.89 (0.78–1.02)
Other/Unknown	0.95 (0.88–1.04)	0.89 (0.78–1.01)
Marital Status
Married	Reference	Reference
Not Married	0.80 (0.76–0.85)d	0.95 (0.87–1.04)
Unknown	0.51 (0.28–0.93)	1.40 (0.54–3.58)
Income, U.S. dollars
≤44,000	Reference	Reference
>44,000–52,999	1.12 (1.04–1.20)e	1.02 (0.91–1.14)
≥53,000	0.99 (0.93–1.07)	0.99 (0.89–1.11)
Unknown	1.01 (0.63–1.60)	0.91 (0.43–1.93)
Functional Comorbidity Index (FCI)	1.02 (1.01–1.04)d	0.99 (0.97–1.01)
Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI)	0.98 (0.97–0.99)d	1.04 (1.02–1.05)d
Cancer Stage
IIIB	Reference	Reference
IVc	1.31 (1.19–1.43)d	1.10 (0.94–1.28)
Cancer Histology
NSCLC	Reference	Reference
SCLC	0.85 (0.79–0.92)d	1.23 (1.10–1.38)d
Other	0.91 (0.83–0.99)e	1.15 (1.01–1.32)e

^a. Adjusted by age, sex, race, marital status, income, FCI, CCI, year of cancer diagnosis, cancer stage and histology;

^b. Analyses included those ever enrolled in hospice;

^c. SCLC histology included as stage IV;

^d. p<0.001;

^e. p<0.05.

Abbreviations: NSCLC= Non-small cell lung cancer and SCLC= Small cell lung cancer.