Table.
Demographic, clinical, imaging and laboratory characteristics of patients
| All (n = 33) | HARM (+) (n = 9) | HARM (−) (n = 24) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean ± SD) | 72.9 ± 14.2 | 77.3 ± 15.1 | 71.2 ± 13.8 | 0.254 |
| Gender-Female %, (n) | 61 (20) | 44 (4) | 67 (16) | 0.235 |
| Onset to triage (min) (IQR**) | 168 (90–453) | 140 (78–238) | 185 (81–527) | 0.290 |
| Onset to baseline MRI (min) (IQR) | 224 (136–536) | 212 (136–326) | 249 (113–578) | 0.442 |
| Onset to 24-hour MRI (hours) (IQR) | 28 (26–33) | 27 (23–29) | 29 (27–34) | 0.118 |
| Hypertension %, (n) | 67 (22) | 78 (7) | 63 (15) | 0.421 |
| Diabetes %, (n) | 18 (6) | 22 (2) | 17 (4) | 0.745 |
| Admission NIHSS (IQR) | 8 (6–16) | 9 (8–17) | 8 (5–14) | 0.222 |
| Antiplatelet use %, (n) | 48 (16) | 44 (4) | 50 (12) | 0.762 |
| Statin use %, (n) | 33 (11) | 33 (3) | 33 (8) | 1.000 |
| Warfarin use %, (n) | 21 (7) | 22 (2) | 21 (5) | 0.951 |
| Baseline DWI volume [mL] (IQR) | 8.8 (3.9–21.6) | 5.1 (3.7–43.9) | 10.8 (3.6–19.4) | 0.858 |
| Baseline MTT volume [mL] (IQR) | 173.3 (67.2–217.1) | 219.4 (151.4–255.5) | 158.5 (32.7–198.6) | 0.029 |
| Baseline PD MM [mL] (IQR) | 138.5 (41.9–198.8) | 183.2 (115.0–215.9) | 129.8 (29.1–166.6) | 0.065 |
| DWI volume @ 24 hours [mL] (IQR) | 11.5 (4.7–43.2) | 23.7 (9.9–81.1) | 10.2 (2.9–35.6) | 0.142 |
| MTT volume @ 24 hours [mL] (IQR) | 86.7 (16.4–196.4) | 86.7 (36.9–181.6) | 76.6 (10.1–201.0) | 0.706 |
| FLAIR volume @ 5 days [mL] (IQR) | 14.2 (0.0–53.2) | 35.1 (8.5–54.8) | 10.2 (0.0–53.1) | 0.272 |
| DWI change @ 24 hours [mL] (IQR) | 3.62 (−0.1–21.9) | 18.5 (3.9–43.4) | 0.14 (−1.7–13.6) | 0.017 |
| Reperfusion volume @ 24 hours [mL] (IQR) | −26.8 (−107.5–8.0) | −104.6 (−150.0–1.9) | −16.6 (−66.3–9.5) | 0.135 |
| Infarct change @ 5 days [mL] (IQR) | 25.7 (4.1–49.3) | 30.2 (25.7–49.3) | 5.93 (0.83–49.2) | 0.142 |
| ESR [mm/hour] (IQR) | 12.0 (5.5–21.5) | 15.0 (4.5–35.5) | 11.5 (6.0–20.3) | 0.619 |
| WBC - 1×103/mm3 (IQR) | 8.6 (7.2–9.2) | 8.7 (7.2–16.8) | 8.6 (6.2–9.1) | 0.254 |
| Neutrophils - 1×103/mm3 (IQR) | 6.0 (4.8–7.5) | 6.0 (5.0–12.7) | 5.7 (3.8–7.3) | 0.328 |
| Lymphocytes-1×103/mm3 (IQR) | 1.5 (1.0–2.0) | 1.5 (1.3–2.3) | 1.5 (0.9–1.9) | 0.564 |
| Monocytes- 1×103/mm3 (IQR) | 0.6 (0.5–0.8) | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) | 0.6 (0.4–0.7) | 0.011 |
Abbreviations: HARM -hyperintsense acute repefusion marker; m ± SD- mean ± standard deviation; IQR-interquartile range; NIHSS- National Institutes of Health stroke scale; min-minutes; DWI-diffusion weighted image; MTT- mean transit time; PD MM- perfusion diffusion mismatch; FLAIR- fluid attenuated inverse recovery; ESR-erythrocyte sedimentation rate; WBC -White blood cells.