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. 2018 Jan 5;8:2624. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02624

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Copyright © 2018 Abarca, Zuniga, Ortiz-Morales, Lugo, Viquez-Cervilla, Rodriguez-Hernandez, Vázquez-Sánchez, Murillo-Cruz, Torres-Rivera, Pinto-Tomás and Godoy-Vitorino.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Microbiota diversity in dorsal and ventral swab samples among toads in Puerto Rico and Costa Rica. (A) Taxonomic bar plots showing bacterial phyla among ventral and dorsal samples. (B) Taxonomic bar plots at the genus level. (C) Faith’s phylogenetic diversity (PD) boxplots overall dorsal and ventral swabs per location. (D) Rarefaction plots of Chao1 (t-test, t-stat = –0.072, p-value = 0.94) and Shannon (t-test, t-stat = 0.164, p-value = 0.868) between dorsal and ventral skin sites. (E) Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) plots of samples according to location and sample type (stress = 0.15 and PERMANOVA Pseudo-F: 0.965, p-value = 0.461).