Table 5.

Multivariate analysis to identify risk factors for bleeding after colorectal ESD

Factors	OR	95% CI	p value
Rectum	3.98	1.866–8.494	< 0.001
Procedure time ≥ 65 min	2.56	1.176–5.572	0.018
Ca-SM invasion ≥ 1000 µm	2.88	1.130–7.355	0.027
Antiplatelet agents (vs. withdrawal or continuation)	1.38	0.502–3.810	0.75

We performed backward selection for 4 variables which were identified as being statistically significant by the univariate analysis (location of the lesion in the rectum, procedure time ≥ 65 min, Ca-SM invasion depth ≥ 1000 µm, specimen diameter ≥ 30 mm); specimen diameter ≥ 30 mm was eliminated at the cutoff of p < 0.20

ESD endoscopic submucosal dissection, Ca-SM carcinoma with submucosal invasion, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval