Figure 5. Recombinant APN treatment restored retinal function in hyperglycemia‐associated retinopathy.

• A
  Electroretinogram (ERG) assessment of retinal function in control and HAR mice showing photoreceptor response amplitude (Rm_P3), sensitivity (S), and post‐receptor response amplitudes (V _m), sensitivity (σ), and retinal sensitivity (S _m). ERG parameters are presented as the log change from control mice. Representative ERG waveforms (left). n = 10–12 per group. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001. ANOVA.
• B
  Correlation of post‐receptor sensitivity deficits (Logσ) with the sum of deficits in photoreceptor sensitivity (LogSrod) and saturated amplitude (LogRrod). n = 10–12 per group. Pearson R test.
• C
  Measurement of outer nuclear layer thickness in WT control and HAR retinas at P30. Representative images of H&E‐stained retinal cross sections (left). Scale bar, 50 μm. GCL, ganglion cell layer; IPL, inner plexiform layer; INL, inner nuclear layer; ONL, outer nuclear layer. n = 6 per group. Unpaired t‐test.
• D, E
  Hyperglycemia was induced with 25 mg kg⁻¹ STZ (i.p., daily from P2 to P12) in WT mice. The mouse pups received msAPN (0.6 μg g⁻¹) or vehicle treatment daily from P7 to P39. Littermate controls were used. At P40, rod (D) and cone (E) ERG were conducted. Cone ERG was reflected by post‐receptor responses (V _m). n = 7 to 12 per group. **P < 0.001. ANOVA (D) or t‐test (E).

Data information: Data presented as mean ± SEM (A, C–E).