Table 2.

Bacterial viability

Incubate with MB medium				Incubate with PBS buffer
Concentration (μg/mL)	Viability (%) with treatment of GO	Viability (%) with treatment of GO-POAA	Viability (%) with treatment of GO-chitosan	Concentration (μg/mL)	Viability (%) with treatment of GO	Viability (%) with treatment of GO-POAA	Viability (%) with treatment of GO-chitosan
10	214 ± 10	132 ± 13	36 ± 11	10	104 ± 7	98 ± 12	18 ± 10
50	152 ± 13	96 ± 12	8 ± 6	50	73 ± 10	53 ± 9	0
100	104 ± 6	30 ± 8	0	100	11 ± 8	5 ± 2	0
200	95 ± 12	0	0	200	0	0	0
300	71 ± 9	0	0	300	0	0	0

Measured by treating GO and GO-based materials (up to 20 μm wide) with E. coli. 10–300 μg mL⁻¹ of materials were treated with E. coli. After 3 h incubation with nutrient medium or PBS, respectively, the CFU counting method was used. The number of surviving bacteria was determined and is expressed as a percentage (%) that corresponds to the unit of CFU mL⁻¹. Data are mean ± SD (n = 6)