Table 2.
Maximal production rates compared with other similar works
| Culture | Substrate | Reactor | Product extraction | Maximal production rates (mmol L−1 day−1) | Maximal concentrations (mmol L−1) | References | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C2a | C4 | C6 | C8 | C2 | C4 | C6 | C8 | |||||
| Clostridium autoethanogenum + Clostridium kluyveri | Acetate + CO | Batch | No | NAb | 8.5 | 2.5 | ND | NA | ~15.5 | ~1.6 | ND | [9] |
| Clostridium ljungdahlii + Clostridium kluyveri | Acetate + syngas (60% CO, 35% H2, 5% CO2) | Continuous | Yes | NA | 32.3 | 11.7 | ND | NA | 49.1 | 17.4 | < 0.04 | [10] |
| Clostridium kluyveri | Acetate + ethanol (actual syngas fermentation effluent) | Continuous | Yes | NA | 9.4 | 39.9 | 1.4 | NA | 20.0 | ~56.0 | 2.2 | [8] |
| Mixed culture | Acetate + ethanol (actual syngas fermentation effluent) | Anaerobic filter (semi-continuous) | No | NA | 196.1 | 14.7 | ND | NA | 190.2 | 8.6 | ND | [7] |
| Mixed culture | CO2 + H2 | Hollow-fiber membrane biofilm reactor | No | 3.25 | 0.65 | 0.27 | 0.12 | 123.3 | 21.4 | 8.4 | 2.9 | [15] |
| Mixed culture | CO | Semi-continuous | No | 11.0 | 1.2 | 0.3 | 0.10 | 80.6 | 8.1 | 1.9 | 1.0 | This study |
aC2, C4, C6, C8 are for acetate, n-butyrate, n-caproate and n-caprylate, respectively
bNegative rates are indicated NA not detected are indicated ND, “~” means the approximate value