Table 1.
Characteristics of the sample stratified by sleep disordered breathing and body mass index groups
| None(n = 155) | Snoring(n = 107) | 2≤AHI<5(n = 115) | AHI≥5(n = 44) | P | BMI%<85(n = 278) | 85≤BMI%<95(n = 79) | BMI%≥95(n = 64) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male (%) | 41.9 | 50.5 | 67.0 | 70.5 | <0.01 | 54.0 | 53.2 | 54.7 | 0.983 |
| Ethnic-Minority (%) | 16.8 | 17.8 | 31.3 | 25.0 | 0.022 | 18.7 | 20.3 | 37.5 | <0.01 |
| White | 83.2 | 82.2 | 68.7 | 75.0 | 0.024 | 81.3 | 79.7 | 62.5 | 0.016 |
| Black | 9.7 | 10.3 | 20.0 | 9.1 | 10.4 | 11.4 | 23.4 | ||
| Hispanic | 4.5 | 5.6 | 8.7 | 9.1 | 5.0 | 7.6 | 10.9 | ||
| Other | 2.6 | 1.9 | 2.6 | 6.8 | 3.2 | 1.3 | 3.1 | ||
| Age (years) | 16.4±2.1 | 16.7±2.2 | 17.3±2.2 | 18.4±2.1 | <0.01 | 16.9±2.2 | 17.3±2.5 | 16.8±2.1 | 0.326 |
| Adeno/tonsillectomy (%) | 7.1 | 11.2 | 13.9 | 18.2 | 0.189 | 10.8 | 7.6 | 18.8 | 0.097 |
| Tanner (%) | 0.064 | 0.014 | |||||||
| Pre-pubertal | 0.7 | 0.9 | 1.8 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 1.6 | ||
| Early pubertal | 3.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 0.0 | ||
| Mid puberty | 14.2 | 17.9 | 10.8 | 7.3 | 14.9 | 11.8 | 9.7 | ||
| Late puberty | 45.9 | 44.3 | 52.3 | 41.5 | 50.0 | 40.8 | 40.3 | ||
| Adulthood | 35.8 | 36.8 | 35.1 | 51.2 | 32.5 | 46.1 | 48.4 | ||
| AHI | 0.8±0.6 | 1.0±0.5 | 3.1±0.9 | 12.1±13.9 | <0.01 | 2.3±5.9 | 3.1±4.6 | 3.9±5.1 | 0.076 |
| SpO2 | 92.0±5.6 | 91.7±4.1 | 91.1±5.0 | 90.1±6.6 | 0.130 | 91.7±4.9 | 91.8±3.7 | 90.0±7.6 | 0.049 |
| BMI% | 60.1±28.4 | 62.2±28.9 | 70.1±26.6 | 79.0±25.6 | <0.01 | 50.7±24.1 | 90.5±3.0 | 97.8±1.4 | <0.01 |
| Neck circumference (cm) | 34.1±2.9 | 34.9±3.2 | 37.0±7.2 | 38.6±4.7 | <0.01 | 34.4±4.9 | 36.3±3.1 | 39.7±4.3 | <0.01 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 76.3±10.5 | 79.1±12.4 | 83.1±12.9 | 90.8±18.3 | <0.01 | 73.8±7.3 | 85.5±7.5 | 102.4±13.2 | <0.01 |
| Total adipose tissue (cm2) | 247.4±149.8 | 270.3±202.9 | 292.4±203.4 | 349.0±228.8 | 0.016 | 182.6±95.3 | 353.2±145.3 | 576.4±183.8 | <0.01 |
| Subcutaneous (cm2) | 197.9±126.9 | 214.8±171.6 | 225.1±167.4 | 261.8±180.4 | 0.121 | 142.5±88.3 | 278.1±127.5 | 452.1±149.6 | <0.01 |
| Visceral (cm2) | 49.6±29.5 | 55.6±35.9 | 67.4±41.3 | 87.3±53.9 | <0.01 | 40.1±15.9 | 75.2±27.5 | 124.2±42.8 | <0.01 |
AHI = apnea hypopnea index. BMI% = body mass index percentile for sex and age. SpO2 = nocturnal oxygen desaturation.