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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2018 Feb 1;77(2):183–192. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000001578

Table 2.

Twenty Year Time Horizon Intervention Incremental Cost-Effectiveness

Total Costs
(discounted
USD)
Incremental
Cost
Total
Discounted
QALYs
Incremental
Effect
(QALYs)
$/QALY
versus no
intervention
ICER
($/QALY)
1 Yr. Implementation
Program Perspective
No Intervention 0 - 104,051,017 - - -
VBS 51,693,795 $51,693,795 104,053,224 2,206 $23,431 $23,431
RDS-A 74,556,402 $74,556,402 104,068,209 17,191 $4,337 $1,526
RDS-C 91,019,837 $91,019,837 104,055,306 4,288 $21,225 Dominated
Societal Perspective
No Intervention 44,670,703,504 - 104,051,017 - - -
RDS-A 44,684,670,725 $13,967,220 104,068,209 17,191 $812 $812
VBS 44,715,626,205 $44,922,701 104,053,224 2,206 $20,362 Dominated
RDS-C 44,748,362,898 $77,659,394 104,055,306 4,288 $18,110 Dominated
Long-term Implementation
Program Perspective
No Intervention 0 - 104,051,017 - - -
VBS 135,543,430 $135,543,430 104,053,700 2,683 $50,523 $50,523
RDS-A 195,522,868 $195,522,868 104,066,308 15,291 $12,787 $4,757
RDS-C 238,661,689 $238,661,689 104,056,057 5,040 $47,356 Dominated
Societal Perspective
No Intervention 44,670,703,504 - 104,051,017 - - -
RDS-A 44,610,518,121 -$60,185,383 104,066,308 15,291 -$3,936 Cost-saving
VBS 44,764,998,002 $94,294,498 104,053,700 2,683 $35,148 Dominated
RDS-C 44,830,830,915 $160,127,410 104,056,057 5,040 $31,773 Dominated