Table 2.
Baseline sociodemographic characteristics
| Control (14 clusters) | Intervention (13 clusters) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 256 985 | 242 749 | |
| Households | 32 498 | 30 959 | |
| People per household | 7·91 (4·30) | 7·84 (4·81) | |
| Children younger than 5 years per household | 1·41 (1·23) | 1·32 (1·19) | |
| Female education | |||
| n | 51 806 | 49 192 | |
| No education | 37 578 (73%) | 36 045 (73%) | |
| Religious education only | 4855 (9%) | 3846 (8%) | |
| Primary and middle school | 6254 (12%) | 6005 (12%) | |
| Higher secondary school | 2434 (5%) | 2616 (5%) | |
| Secondary school graduate and above | 685 (1%) | 680 (1%) | |
| Finished walls (cement, stone with lime, or bricks) | 8119 (25%) | 7412 (24%) | |
| Finished floor (ceramic tiles, cement, or carpet) | 6697 (21%) | 5806 (19%) | |
| Finished roofing (ceramic tiles, cement, or roofing shingles) | 10 455 (32%) | 9484 (31%) | |
| Families owning their own home | 31 177 (96%) | 29 650 (96%) | |
| Single-room households | 18 319 (56%) | 16 756 (54%) | |
| Households with piped water | 28 163 (87%) | 27 433 (89%) | |
| Households with no toilet facility | 8072 (25%) | 7044 (23%) | |
| Households with underground sewerage (liquid waste) | 6095 (19%) | 3188 (10%) | |
| Households with electricity | 31 182 (96%) | 29 871 (96%) | |
| Households using solid fuels for cooking | 25 796 (79%) | 23 953 (77%) | |
| Birth outcomes and mortality rates | |||
| Livebirths | 8071 | 7755 | |
| Stillbirths | 360 | 318 | |
| Early fetal deaths | 1016 | 826 | |
| Neonatal deaths | 358 | 339 | |
| Neonatal deaths per 1000 livebirths | 44·6 | 43·7 | |
| Stillbirths per 1000 births | 42·7 | 39·4 | |
| Early fetal death rate per 1000 pregnancies | 107·6 | 92·8 | |
Data are n, n (%), or mean (SE).