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. 2018 Jan 10;8:332. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-18706-y

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Prior ethanol drinking alters effects of social-defeat stress on DA dynamics in rat nucleus accumbens. Stressed subjects showed significantly higher DA release per stimulus pulse compared to nonstress control (A, left panel). Prior ethanol exposure completely blunted this effect (A, right panel). Both stress (B, left panel) and ethanol exposure (B, right panel) significantly increased accumbal DA uptake, measured as the V _max. However, there was no significant difference between subjects exposed to defeat stress episodes and ethanol (B, left panel). Data presented as mean ± SEM and analyzed by a two-way ANOVA. A single slice was taken from each subject in every experimental group for FSCV recordings. The number of subjects for naïve nonstressed: n = 10; for naïve stressed: n = 9; for ethanol drinking and nonstressed: n = 5; for ethanol drinking and stressed: n = 5. *p < 0.5; **p < 0.01.