Table 1.
Baseline personal characteristics of control and Cruse Bereavement Care Scotland (CBCS) participants
| Control | CBCS | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 188) | (N = 156) | |||
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age in years (mean [SD]) | 48.5 | (14.17) | 50.1 | (14.48) |
| n | (valid %) | n | (valid %) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | 188 | 156 | ||
| Female | 146 | (77.66%) | 125 | (80.13%) |
| Income | 150 | 137 | ||
| Below median | 62 | (41.33%) | 40 | (29.20%) |
| Median | 34 | (22.67%) | 46 | (33.58%) |
| Above median | 54 | (36.00%) | 51 | (37.23%) |
| Living with a partner | 181 | 153 | ||
| Yes | 52 | (28.73%) | 51 | (33.33%) |
| No | 129 | (71.27%) | 102 | (66.67%) |
| Participant has children** | 185 | 153 | ||
| No | 53 | (28.65%) | 63 | (41.18%) |
| Yes | 132 | (71.35%) | 90 | (58.82%) |
| Use of medication at baseline* | 183 | 156 | ||
| No | 91 | (49.73%) | 91 | (58.33%) |
| Yes, antianxiety/anti‐depressants | 84 | (45.90%) | 58 | (37.18%) |
| Yes, other (incl. sleeping pills) | 8 | (4.37%) | 7 | (4.49%) |
| Loss‐related characteristics | ||||
| Time since the death* | 180 | 154 | ||
| 6 months | 38 | (21.11%) | 37 | (24.03%) |
| Between 6–12 months ago | 64 | (35.56%) | 58 | (37.66%) |
| 1–2 years ago | 44 | (24.44%) | 35 | (22.73%) |
| 2–5 years | 23 | (12.78%) | 18 | (11.69%) |
| 5+ years ago | 11 | (6.11%) | 6 | (3.90%) |
| Relationship to the deceased** | 186 | 155 | ||
| Partner | 75 | (40.32%) | 54 | (34.84%) |
| Parent | 75 | (40.32%) | 53 | (34.19%) |
| Sibling | 11 | (5.91%) | 17 | (10.97%) |
| Child | 18 | (9.68%) | 19 | (12.26%) |
| Other friend/relative | 7 | (3.76%) | 12 | (7.74%) |
| Quality of the relationship | 184 | 155 | ||
| Very good/good | 169 | (91.85%) | 144 | (92.90%) |
| Reasonable | 7 | (3.80%) | 7 | (4.52%) |
| Not good/bad | 8 | (4.35%) | 3 | (1.94%) |
| No relations | 0 | 1 | (0.65%) | |
| Expectedness of the death | 182 | 154 | ||
| Expected | 35 | (19.23%) | 33 | (21.43%) |
| Neither expected nor unexpected | 30 | (16.48%) | 22 | (14.29%) |
| Unexpected | 117 | (64.29%) | 99 | (64.29%) |
| Other resources contacted (prior to study)** | 182 | 153 | ||
| No | 116 | (63.74%) | 123 | (80.39%) |
| Yes (psychiatrist) | 9 | (4.95%) | 5 | (3.27%) |
| Yes (psychologist, counsellor, therapist) | 38 | (20.88%) | 18 | (11.76%) |
| Yes (support group, other social organization) | 14 | (7.69%) | 7 | (4.58%) |
| Outcome measures at T1 (unadjusted means) | ||||
| M | SD | M | SD | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Impact of Event Scale | 44.96 | 19.68 | 43.04 | 18.19 |
| Inventory of Complicated Grief—Revised | 68.42 | 25.86 | 64.78 | 23.68 |
| Symptom Checklist 90—R | 151.72 | 80.10 | 132.33 | 71.11 |
*
p < .05.
**
p < .001.