Table 2.
MANOVA on psychological distress, depression and anxiety – Unstandardized coefficients and 95% confidence intervals (CI)
| Psychological distress (GHQ 1–12) | Depression subscale (1–5) | Anxiety subscale (1–5) | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | Female | Male | Female | Male | Female | |||||||
| b | 95% CI | b | 95% CI | b | 95% CI | b | 95% CI | b | 95% CI | b | 95% CI | |
| Survey year (2013 vs. 2008) | −0.40* | [−0.71;−0.09] | -0.09 | [−0.44;0.27] | 0.08** | [0.03;0.14] | 0.17*** | [0.09;0.24] | 0.06* | [0.01;0.12] | 0.15*** | [0.07;0.23] |
| Highest educational level within the household (At least higher education vs. Higher secondary education or lower) | 0.09 | [−0.25;0.42] | 0.31 | [−0.09;0.71] | 0.01 | [−0.05;0.07] | −0.02 | [−0.11;0.07] | −0.02 | [−0.07;0.04] | 0.01 | [−0.08;0.1] |
| Age (20–25 vs. 15–19) | 0.46** | [0.15;0.76] | 0.10 | [−0.26;0.46] | 0.02 | [−0.04;0.07] | 0.02 | [−0.06;0.1] | 0.03 | [−0.03;0.08] | 0.07 | [−0.01;0.15] |
| Reported equivalent household income (Belgian weighted quintiles) | −0.05 | [−0.16;0.07] | 0.03 | [−0.11;0.16] | 0.00 | [−0.02;0.02] | 0.00 | [−0.03;0.03] | 0.01 | [−0.01;0.03] | −0.01 | [−0.04;0.02] |
| Appreciation social contacts (Rather satisfied vs. Rather unsatisfied) | −1.85*** | [−2.5;-1.21] | −1.94*** | [−2.73;-1.15] | −0.52*** | [−0.64;-0.4] | −0.49*** | [−0.67;-0.32] | −0.41*** | [−0.52;-0.3] | −0.20* | [−0.38;-0.03] |
| Quality of social support (Poor support vs. Intermediate/strong support) | −0.48 | [−0.97;0] | −1.39*** | [−1.91;-0.86] | −0.24*** | [−0.33;-0.15] | −0.44*** | [−0.55;-0.32] | −0.15** | [−0.23;-0.07] | −0.28*** | [−0.4;-0.16] |
| Constant | 3.29*** | [2.56;4.02] | 4.52*** | [3.61;5.43] | 1.92*** | [1.79;2.05] | 2.22*** | [2.02;2.43] | 1.67*** | [1.55;1.8] | 1.71*** | [1.51;1.92] |
| N | 713 | 720 | 713 | 720 | 713 | 720 | ||||||
| R2 (%) | 8.3% | 8.4% | 18.1% | 15.0% | 11.9% | 6.7% | ||||||
* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001