Table 2.
Characteristics of AML patients at diagnosis based on the presence (AML-cytopenic) or absence (AML-non-cytopenic) of prior macrocytic anemia or thrombocytopenia.
| AML-cytopenic (n = 29) | AML-non-cytopenic (n = 111) | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| White blood count, ×109/L, median (range) | 2.6 (0.7–125.2) | 4.5 (0.1–268.6) | 0.15 |
| Peripheral blast %, median (range) | 2 (0–91) | 8.5 (0–98) | 0.16 |
| Hematocrit, %, median (range) | 27.9 (14.3–40.8) | 27.1 (13.1–39.1) | 0.88 |
| Mean corpuscular volume, fL, median (range) | 93.5 (67–118) | 96 (77–116) | 0.64 |
| Platelet count, ×109/L, median (range) | 60 (16–172) | 68 (7–358) | 0.26 |
| Marrow cellularity, %, median (range) | 80 (20–100) | 80 (5–100) | 0.32 |
| Marrow blast %, median (range) | 48 (9–82) | 49 (5–95) | 0.79 |
| ECOG Performance Status (0/1/2/3/4)a | 7/9/9/3/1 | 30/51/17/10/2 | 0.07(0–1 versus 2–4) |
| UKMRC risk grouping | 0.02 | ||
| Favorable | 0 (0%) | 18 (16%) | |
| Intermediate | 18 (62%) | 69 (62%) | |
| Adverse | 11 (38%) | 22 (20%) | |
| Not available | 0 | 2 (2%) | |
| WHO Classification | 0.0002 | ||
| AML-RGA | 0 (0%) | 21 (20%) | |
| t(15;17) | 0 | 9 | |
| inv(16) | 0 | 9 | |
| t(8;21) | 0 | 0 | |
| 11q23 variant | 0 | 2 | |
| t(6;9) | 0 | 1 | |
| t(3;3)/inv(3), t(1;22) | 0 | 0 | |
| AML-NOS | 10 (34%) | 58 (52%) | |
| AML-MRC | 19 (66%) | 30 (27%) | |
| AML-MRC karyotype (with or without multilineage dysplasia) | 13 | 21 | |
| Multilineage dysplasia only | 6 | 9 | |
| Not available (missing karyotype) | 0 (0%) | 2 (2%) | |
| Mutation status | |||
| FLT3 ITD mutation | 3/11 (27%) | 18/59 (31%) | 1 |
| NPM1mutation | 5/11 (45%) | 18/57 (32%) | 0.49 |
| NPM1 mutated/FLT3 wild type | 3/11 (27%) | 8/56 (14%) | 0.37 |
| FAB Classification | 0.55 | ||
| M0 | 2 (7%) | 4 (4%) | |
| M1 | 3 (10%) | 14 (13%) | |
| M2 | 6 (21%) | 17 (15%) | |
| M3 | 0 | 8 (7%) | |
| M4 | 7 (24%) | 28 (25%) | |
| M5 | 3 (10%) | 10 (9%) | |
| M6 | 2 (7%) | 4 (4%) | |
| M7 | 1 (3%) | 0 | |
| Not determined | 5 (18%) | 26 (23%) | |
| Treatments administered | 0.02 | ||
| Supportive care only | 9 (31%) | 10 (9%) | |
| Low-intensity agents without stem cell transplant | 4b (%) | 19c (%) | |
| Induction chemotherapy without stem cell transplant | 8 (28%) | 42 (38%) | |
| Stem cell transplant | 8 (28%) | 40 (36%) |
a
ECOG performance status unknown for one patient.
b
Hypomethylating agents (3 patients) and gefitinib (1 patient).
c
Hypomethylating agents (16 patients), cloretazine (1 patient), low-dose cytarabine (1 patient), and midostaurin with mTOR inhibitor (1 patient).