Table 2. Analysis of factors associated with chronic laryngitis, according to sex.
| Parameter | Chronic laryngitis in men | Chronic laryngitis in women | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No (n = 4747) |
Yes (n = 187) |
P value | No (n = 6256) |
Yes (n = 157) |
P value | |
| Tinnitus (%) | 3.2 (0.5) | 5.9 (1.2) | 0.0007* | 2.3 (0.3) | 2.4 (0.5) | 0.8332 |
| Age (years) | 44 ± 0.4 | 49.2 ± 1.1 | <0.0001* | 45.7 ± 0.3 | 49.1 ± 1.6 | 0.0352* |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.1 ± 0.1 | 23.8 ± 0.3 | 0.3166 | 23.2 ± 0.1 | 24.1 ± 0.4 | 0.0230* |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 84.2 ± 0.2 | 84.1 ± 0.8 | 0.8856 | 77.8 ± 0.2 | 79.9 ± 1.4 | 0.1408 |
| Vitamin D (ng/mL) | 18 ± 0.2 | 17.8 ± 0.6 | 0.6967 | 16.2 ± 0.2 | 16.3 ± 0.5 | 0.9392 |
| Current smoker (%) | 42.7 (0.9) | 51.4 (5.5) | 0.1234 | 5.5 (0.4) | 7.9 (2.7) | 0.3134 |
| Regular drinker (%) | 76.6 (0.8) | 78 (4.2) | 0.7556 | 41.7 (0.9) | 39.7 (5.2) | 0.7192 |
| Routine exercise (%) | 24 (0.8) | 19.3 (2.8) | 0.1292 | 16.6 (0.7) | 23.9 (4.6) | 0.0716 |
| Spouse (%) | 81.7 (1.1) | 88.5 (3.1) | 0.0823 | 74.2 (0.9) | 71 (5.1) | 0.5229 |
| Job (%) | 78.4 (0.8) | 78 (4.3) | 0.9224 | 51.3 (0.9) | 51.6 (5.3) | 0.9546 |
| Residential area: urban (%) | 79 (2) | 86.1 (4.1) | 0.1232 | 79.2 (2.1) | 85 (4.5) | 0.2528 |
| Education beyond high school (%) | 77.3 (0.9) | 68.2 (3.9) | 0.0131* | 65.3 (1) | 56.3 (4.6) | 0.0481* |
| Income: lower quartile (%) | 14.1 (0.7) | 19.3 (3.8) | 0.1297 | 18.2 (0.8) | 17.9 (3.2) | 0.9372 |
| Severe stress (%) | 25.4 (0.8) | 25.7 (4.1) | 0.9559 | 30.8 (0.8) | 33.6 (4.4) | 0.5175 |
| Depressed mood (%) | 9.4 (0.5) | 16.5 (4.4) | 0.0421* | 16.9 (0.6) | 20.7 (4.7) | 0.3833 |
| Suicidal ideation (%) | 10 (0.5) | 16 (5.3) | 0.1762 | 18.3 (0.6) | 20.9 (4.6) | 0.5501 |
| Presence of metabolic syndrome (%) | 25.9 (0.8) | 34.9 (4.2) | 0.0245* | 23.8 (0.7) | 41.5 (5.4) | 0.0002* |
| Presence of diabetes mellitus (%) | 9.2 (0.5) | 13.8 (2.9) | 0.0657 | 7 (0.4) | 14.4 (3.8) | 0.0064* |
| Presence of hypertension (%) | 30.5 (0.9) | 37.4 (5) | 0.1565 | 23.4 (0.7) | 29.5 (4.5) | 0.1501 |
| Recognition of voice change (%) | 4.5 (0.4) | 18.4 (3.7) | <0.0001* | 7.1 (0.4) | 26.9 (4.9) | <0.0001* |
| ≤ 3 weeks (%) | 1.8 (0.2) | 4.6 (1.9) | <0.0001* | 3.1 (0.3) | 12.8 (3.4) | <0.0001* |
| > 3 weeks (%) | 2.6 (0.3) | 14.2 (3.6) | <0.0001* | 3.9 (0.3) | 14.2 (3.3) | <0.0001* |
| Unilateral hearing loss (> 40 dB, %) | 6.4 (0.5) | 7 (1.9) | 0.7595 | 5.5 (0.4) | 9.3 (3.1) | 0.1223 |
Total n = 11,347. Data are expressed as the mean ± SE or the percentage (SE).
*Significant at P < 0.05