Fig. 2.

Cardiac circadian physiology and pathology. Many cardiac physiologic functions as well as cardiovascular pathologies exhibit time-of-day dependency in humans, especially in the early morning hours. BP blood pressure, STEMI ST elevation myocardial infarction, UA unstable angina, NSTEMI non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction, IR injury ischemia–reperfusion injury, MI infarct size myocardial infarct size, CP and CE cardiac power and cardiac efficiency. Dark blue font human events, orange font mouse events. Of note, mice are nocturnal and, therefore, relative to their resting/active cycle, many physiologic events occur for mice at approximately opposite chronologic time as for humans