Table 2.
Odds ratios of association between tobacco use (exclusive smoking) by respondent and use by close associates, among men and women in the TCP India Wave 1 Survey.
| SMOKING | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| USER CATEGORY | Sex | Father Ever Smoked | Mother Ever Smoked | Close Friend Smokes | Spouse Smokes | ||||
| OR (Adj)* 95% CI | OR (Adj)*95% CI | OR (Adj)* 95% CI | OR (Adj)* 95% CI | ||||||
| Smoking (Exclusive) | Men | 2.4 | 2.0–3.0 | 5.4 | 2.1–14.1 | 7.2 | 5.6–9.3 | –† | – |
| Women | 7.3 | 3.1–17.5 | 9.0 | 3.3–24.7 | 3.5 | 1.5–7.9 | –† | – | |
| Cigarettes | Men | 2.2 | 1.7–2.9 | 5.3 | 2.0–14.4 | 7.1 | 5.2–9.7 | –† | – |
| Bidis | Men | 2.6 | 1.9–3.6 | 15.1 | 3.3–69.2 | 5.7 | 3.8–8.5 | –† | – |
| Women | 7.9 | 2.4–26.1 | 14.9 | 4.3–51.3 | 4.7 | 1.6–13.3 | –† | – | |
| Cigarettes & Bidis | Men | 4.0 | 2.8–5.7 | 4.0 | 0.7–22.2 | 9.5 | 5.6–15.9 | –† | – |
| Other smoking | Men‡ | 2.6 | 1.1–5.9 | –† | – | –† | – | –† | – |
| Women§ | 8.6 | 2.2–33.9 | 6.7 | 1.0–47.2 | –† | – | –† | – | |
*
Adjusted for age group (with first two groups combined as reference category [ref. cat.]=first), urban/rural residence (urban as ref. cat.), state (Maharashtra as ref. cat.), and income level (with highest category as ref. cat.). CI=Confidence interval.
†
For cells with frequency < 5 cases ORs were not calculated.
‡
For men, “Other smoking” includes other products used exclusively and smoking combinations.
§
For women, “Other smoking” is only exclusive hookah smoking as there were no other categories.
Notes: Weighted data used. Lal dantmanjan may not necessarily contain tobacco.