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. 2018 Jan 12;8:583. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-19073-4

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Substrate-bound IGF-I:IGFBP-3:VN complex stimulates melanoma cell proliferation and migration. Proliferation: Serum-starved WM35 (a) and Sk-MEL28 (b) cells were seeded onto 96-well plates pre-coated with VN and combinations of IGF-I and IGFBP-3. Data is expressed as percentage of cells proliferating compared to VN after 72 hours. n = 2 (tested in four wells in each experiment). Migration: Serum-starved WM35 (c) and Sk-MEL28 (d) cells were seeded in the top chamber and allowed to migrate towards VN/IGF-I/IGFBP-3-coated bottom chamber. Data is expressed as percentage of cells migrated compared to VN after 15 hours. Asterisks indicate treatments with significant differences compared to the VN (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01). SFM = serum-free growth medium. 10% FCS = growth medium containing 10% FCS. Error bars indicate SD.