Table 1.
The absorbed radiation doses (corresponding to each organ in humans) for the administration of 64Cu-pembrolizumab were estimated with the OLINDA/EXM v 1.2 software (Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN).
| Organ | Total Dose (µSv/MBq) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PET/CT images | Ex vivo biodistribution | |||
| Blk | Nblk | Blk | Nblk | |
| Adrenal glands | 1.89 ± 0.028 | 2.005 ± 0.12 | 2.856 ± 0.12 | 3.38 ± 0.319 |
| Brain | 0.072 ± 0.002 | 0.075 ± 0.001 | 0.422 ± 0.02 | 0.615 ± 0.041 |
| Breasts | 0.502 ± 0.002 | 0.53 ± 0.038 | 0.867 ± 0.036 | 1.076 ± 0.11 |
| Gallbladder wall | 3.24 ± 0.084 | 3.45 ± 0.197 | 3.71 ± 0.247 | 4.14 ± 0.438 |
| LLI wall | 0.388 ± 0.01 | 0.405 ± 0.009 | 1.173 ± 0.06 | 1.526 ± 0.127 |
| Small intestine | 0.694 ± 0.003 | 0.733 ± 0.031 | 6.14 ± 0.704 | 6.88 ± 1.462 |
| Stomach wall | 0.932 ± 0.0003 | 0.977 ± 0.046 | 3.256 ± 0.669 | 3.826 ± 0.967 |
| ULI wall | 0.928 ± 0.011 | 0.985 ± 0.049 | 5.03 ± 1.18 | 7.286 ± 1.992 |
| Heart wall | 17.05 ± 1.484 | 17.75 ± 3.464 | 6.51 ± 0.4 | 7.606 ± 1.377 |
| Kidneys | 1.335 ± 0.021 | 1.41 ± 0.07 | 13.166 ± 0.602 | 17.866 ± 4.834 |
| Liver | 35.15 ± 1.202 | 37.55 ± 2.192 | 32.866 ± 3.617 | 34.166 ± 3.35 |
| Lungs | 1.045 ± 0.007 | 1.105 ± 0.077 | 10.383 ± 0.748 | 12.036 ± 1.908 |
| Muscle | 1.825 ± 0.049 | 1.905 ± 0.049 | 2.12 ± 0.156 | 2.59 ± 0.33 |
| Ovaries | 0.502 ± 0.008 | 0.526 ± 0.015 | 1.413 ± 0.075 | 1.81 ± 0.181 |
| Pancreas | 1.735 ± 0.021 | 1.83 ± 0.098 | 6.123 ± 0.751 | 8.36 ± 2.314 |
| Red marrow | 0.621 ± 0.0004 | 0.655 ± 0.032 | 18.566 ± 0.85 | 24.133 ± 0.251 |
| Osteogenic cells | 0.5 ± 0.003 | 0.526 ± 0.023 | 10.373 ± 0.44 | 13.6 ± 0.1 |
| Skin | 0.339 ± 0.002 | 0.357 ± 0.015 | 0.594 ± 0.024 | 0.8 ± 0.114 |
| Spleen | 6.705 ± 0.289 | 6.075 ± 0.572 | 13.5 ± 3.377 | 18.766 ± 7.479 |
| Testes | 0.273 ± 0.009 | 0.284 ± 0.004 | 0.464 ± 0.034 | 0.638 ± 0.067 |
| Thymus | 0.704 ± 0.021 | 0.739 ± 0.062 | 1.173 ± 0.049 | 1.46 ± 0.165 |
| Thyroid | 0.345 ± 0.01 | 0.36 ± 0.01 | 0.691 ± 0.038 | 0.917 ± 0.08 |
| Urinary Bladder Wall | 0.4 ± 0.01 | 0.418 ± 0.009 | 0.784 ± 0.047 | 1.037 ± 0.101 |
| Uterus | 0.473 ± 0.008 | 0.495 ± 0.014 | 1.16 ± 0.059 | 1.523 ± 0.191 |
| Total Body | 2.015 ± 0.007 | 2.125 ± 0.106 | 3.08 ± 0.095 | 3.693 ± 0.332 |
| Effective Dose Equivalent | 4.27 ± 0.028 | 4.46 ± 0.353 | 8.65 ± 0.055 | 10.653 ± 1.308 |
| Effective Dose | 2.37 ± 0.056 | 2.515 ± 0.134 | 6.413 ± 0.085 | 7.69 ± 0.624 |
| LLI: Lower large intestine, ULI: Upper large intestine | ||||
The values were determined via two biodistribution methods: PET/CT ROI-based and ex vivo. Both methods revealed the liver to be the dose-limiting organ across both mouse groups. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation.