Table 3.

Effect of different induced lodging angles (0°, 30°, 60°, and 90°), plant densities (D₁₅, 15 plants m⁻²; D₃₀, 30 plants m⁻²; and D₄₅, 45 plants m⁻²), and nitrogen rates (N₁₈₀, 180 kg N ha⁻¹; N₂₇₀, 270 kg N ha⁻¹; and N₃₆₀, 360 kg N ha⁻¹) on seed weight, silique weight, silique number, and seed yield of rapeseed during the growing seasons of 2015/2016 and 2016/2017.

Treatments			Seed yield (t ha−1)				Seed yield loss (%)			Seeds weight (g plant−1)
Year	Nitrogen	Density	0°	30°	60°	90°	30°	60°	90°	0°	30°	60°	90°
2015/16	N180	D15	1.71	1.61	1.40	1.38	5.8	18.1	19.3	13.28	11.82	9.93	8.79
		D30	1.99	1.77	1.62	1.54	11.1	18.6	22.6	11.67	10.73	8.67	7.58
		D45	2.35	2.12	1.83	1.75	9.8	22.1	25.5	10.57	9.29	7.45	7.39
	N270	D15	1.94	1.90	1.81	1.66	2.1	6.7	14.4	15.96	15.02	13.29	12.17
		D30	2.40	2.29	1.91	1.85	4.6	20.4	22.9	13.53	12.68	10.03	9.67
		D45	2.76	2.54	2.22	2.09	8.0	19.6	24.3	11.82	11.25	9.81	8.09
	N360	D15	2.56	2.36	1.94	1.89	7.8	24.2	26.2	16.39	15.32	13.22	11.12
		D30	2.60	2.45	2.09	1.91	5.8	19.6	26.5	14.29	13.63	11.16	10.4
		D45	2.28	2.06	1.71	1.64	9.6	25.0	28.1	11.48	10.67	10.35	8.85
2016/17	N180	D15	1.55	1.41	1.28	1.25	9.0	17.4	19.4	13.51	11.15	10.96	9.80
		D30	1.95	1.62	1.59	1.55	16.9	18.5	20.5	12.19	10.63	9.29	8.84
		D45	2.32	1.92	1.86	1.79	17.2	19.8	22.8	10.47	9.42	7.57	7.14
	N270	D15	1.66	1.43	1.40	1.27	13.9	15.7	23.5	15.71	14.76	13.02	12.03
		D30	2.29	1.94	1.85	1.72	15.3	19.2	24.9	14.44	12.34	11.01	10.66
		D45	3.02	2.65	2.61	2.32	12.3	13.6	23.2	13.07	11.27	10.39	9.34
	N360	D15	2.56	2.15	1.89	1.85	16.0	26.2	27.7	15.87	15.28	13.63	11.55
		D30	2.72	2.46	2.20	2.02	9.6	19.1	25.7	15.39	12.74	9.18	9.46
		D45	2.24	1.84	1.63	1.53	17.8	27.2	31.7	13.95	10.28	8.39	8.18
Year (Y)			ns					—		ns
Lodging (L)			***					—		***
Nitrogen (N)			***					—		**
Density (D)			***					—		***
Y × L × N × D			*					—		ns

ns, not significant; *, ** and ***, significant at P < 0.05, 0.01 and 0.001, respectively, n = 4.