Figure 2.
The Repairing Epithelium Adopts a Fetal-like Expression Profile
(A) Sca1 (green) expression in organoids from adult animals (Adult) and in fetal organoids (Fetal) derived from the proximal small intestine. Insets show the enlarged view of the indicated region. Images are counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar, 50 μm.
(B) Heatmap of differentially expressed probe sets showing genes upregulated more than 2-fold comparing adult organoids (green) and fetal organoids (red) (n = 3; fold change > 2; FDR < 0.05). Multiple members of Ly6 and Annexin gene families are upregulated in the fetal cells.
(C) Sca1 (green) expression in fetal colon at embryonic day (E)16.5 counterstained with EpCAM (red) and DAPI (blue). Scale bars, 50 μm.
(D) GSEA showing enrichment of the fetal intestinal gene signature in the repairing epithelium.
(E) Anxa1 (green) expression in adult organoids (Adult) and fetal organoids (Fetal) derived from the proximal small intestine. Images are counterstained with E-cadherin (red) and DAPI (blue). Scale bar, 100 μm.
(F) Anxa1 (green) expression in fetal colon at E16.5, colon in homeostasis and in the repair phase. Images are counterstained with E-cadherin (red) and DAPI (blue). Scale bars, 50 μm for fetal colon and 100 μm for adult colon.
(G) ANXA1 (green) in colonic biopsy from non-inflamed and inflamed regions obtained from a patient with ulcerative colitis. Images are counterstained with E-cadherin (red) and DAPI (blue). Scale bar, 100 μm.
(H and I) GSEAs showing enrichment of the transcriptional signatures for the mouse repairing epithelium (H, mRepair) and mouse fetal state (I, mFetal) in samples isolated from patients with active colitis (hColitis) compared to control individuals (hNormal).