Figure 8.

D8 tetramers specifically detect chondroitin sulfate E in tissues. Kidney tissue samples were flash-frozen, sectioned, fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde and reacted with 156 ng/ml of either D8 or D8 control tetramers coupled to Alexa Fluor 488. Samples were counterstained with phalloidin to reveal dense F-actin in the glomerulus and with the DNA stain Hoechst. The D8 tetramer immunoreactivity was localized within the glomeruli. Negative control with the mutated D8 tetramer revealed the absence of binding in the glomerulus but low-grade immunoreactivity in adjacent regions. Bar = 20 μm.