Table 3.
Multivariate analysis of clinicopathologic factors associated with overall survival†
| Risk factors | All Stages | Stage IIIA | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | p a | HR | 95% CI | p a | |
| Age, years | ||||||
| < 65 | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | ||
| ≥ 65 | 1.99 | 1.70–2.33 | < .001 | 2.23 | 1.51–3.30 | < .001 |
| BMI | 0.95 | 0.92–0.97 | < .001 | |||
| ASA | ||||||
| I | 1.00 | Reference | ||||
| II | 1.25 | 1.06–1.48 | 0.008 | |||
| III | 2.24 | 1.71–2.93 | < .001 | |||
| pT category | ||||||
| T1 | 1.00 | Reference | ||||
| T2 | 0.83 | 0.56–1.24 | 0.366 | |||
| T3 | 1.10 | 0.72–1.66 | 0.663 | |||
| T4 | 2.00 | 1.29–3.09 | 0.002 | |||
| pN category | ||||||
| N0 | 1.00 | Reference | ||||
| N1 | 1.44 | 1.10–1.87 | 0.007 | |||
| N2 | 1.79 | 1.36–2.35 | < .001 | |||
| N3 | 3.45 | 2.64–4.50 | < .001 | |||
| Total number of LN examined | ||||||
| 0–30 | 1.00 | Reference | 1.00 | Reference | ||
| 30–45 | 1.05 | 0.86–1.28 | 0.614 | 0.87 | 0.53–1.45 | 0.580 |
| > 45 | 0.96 | 0.79–1.18 | 0.721 | 0.56 | 0.33–0.95 | 0.030 |
| Tumor location | ||||||
| Proximal | 1.00 | Reference | ||||
| Middle | 1.27 | 1.00–1.61 | 0.051 | |||
| Distal | 1.35 | 1.05–1.75 | 0.020 | |||
| Whole | 1.66 | 1.15–2.40 | 0.007 | |||
| Histologic grade* | ||||||
| Differentiated | 1.00 | Reference | ||||
| Undifferentiated | 0.85 | 0.72–1.00 | 0.045 | |||
| Others | 2.69 | 1.74–4.15 | < .001 | |||
| Borrmann type | ||||||
| 0 | 1.00 | Reference | ||||
| I | 1.73 | 0.92–3.25 | 0.089 | |||
| II | 1.43 | 0.95–2.15 | 0.085 | |||
| III | 1.85 | 1.28–2.68 | 0.001 | |||
| IV | 2.27 | 1.41–3.65 | 0.001 | |||
| V | 1.29 | 0.31–5.42 | 0.732 | |||
| Lymphovascular invasion | ||||||
| Absent | 1.00 | Reference | ||||
| Present | 1.31 | 1.08–1.60 | 0.007 | |||
| Resection type | ||||||
| Subtotal | 1.00 | Reference | ||||
| Total | 1.20 | 0.98–1.49 | 0.084 | |||
| Extended | 1.55 | 1.16–2.06 | 0.003 | |||
Abbreviations: BMI body mass index, ASA American Society of Anesthesiology, pT pathologic tumor, pN pathologic nodal status
†Only factors found to be statistically significant, except for total number of LN examined, reported. For all variables, refer to Additional file 4: Table S1
ap values indicate a relative statistical significance for each category compared to the reference category in each variable (HR 1.00)
*Differentiated histology included papillary adenocarcinoma, well-differentiated and moderately-differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma. Undifferentiated histology included poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, signet ring cell adenocarcinoma, and mucinous carcinoma. Others included adenosquamous, squamous, neuroendocrine, etc.